Detection and Monitoring of Intracranial Pressure Dysregulation in Liver Failure by Ultrasound

Abstract

Patients with poor prognosis related to raised ICP in pediatric liver failure can be identified by ultrasound measurement of ONSD without the disadvantages of invasive procedures. Although the exact intracranial pressure level cannot be deduced from single examinations, ONSD trends can reflect the evolution of ICP in hepatic encephalopathy.

Brain Preservation During Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in a Patient With Acute Liver Failure and Severe Elevation of Intracranial Pressure

“…Ultrasound studies of the optic nerves provide an unquantitative measurement of the ICP, but correlate well with prognosis of ALF in pediatric patients. 5 The marker S-100 was used as an early detection marker for increased ICP in experimental ALF pigs. 6 In patients with ALF and elevated ICP, OLT is effective and is best performed before the patient reaches grade IV encephalopathy.…”

Reliability of Optic Nerve Ultrasound for the Evaluation of Patients with Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage

“…Bedside ultrasonographic measurement of ONSD has been proposed as a reliable means to detect raised intracranial pressure (ICP), both in experimental [3] and in clinical settings, with a good predictive value if compared to neuroimaging [4][5][6][7][8][9] or during intrathecal infusion tests in patients with hydrocephalus [10].…”

Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Patients with Fulminant Hepatic Failure Treated with Plasma Exchange and Continuous Hemodiafiltration

“…For the purpose of strict control in CPP, continuous ICP monitoring is essential. Several methods for noninvasive ICP monitoring have been proposed [14,17,[21][22][23], however, most of these methods cannot assess ICP continuously [17,[21][22][23] . Although ICP sensor insertion is defi nitely an invasive technique, Eddy et al [8] used fi beroptic ICP monitoring in 279 patients with head injury and reported that there were no complications resulting from ICP monitoring.…”