Detection and molecular characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seafood harvested along the southwest coast of India

Raghunath, Pendru; Acharya, Sadananda; Bhanumathi, Amarbahadur; Karunasagar, Iddya

doi:10.1016/j.fm.2008.04.002

Cited by 53 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Strains that possess tdh, trh, and TTSS2-encoding genes are generally pathogenic and responsible for the vast majority of clinical cases. While such strains account for only 1 to 2% of isolates sampled from water and different marine species (4-6), they are known to have a widespread global distribution, having been reported from cases of infection in Japan, India, Thailand, Malaysia, China, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Italy, and the East and Gulf Coasts of the United States (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

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Genetic Relationships of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates from Clinical, Human Carrier, and Environmental Sources in Thailand, Determined by Multilocus Sequence Analysis

Theethakaew

Feil

Castillo-Ramírez

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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e Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a seafood-borne pathogenic bacterium that is a major cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. We investigated the genetic and evolutionary relationships of 101 V. parahaemolyticus isolates originating from clinical, human carrier, and various environmental and seafood production sources in Thailand using multilocus sequence analysis. The isolates were recovered from clinical samples (n ‫؍‬ 15), healthy human carriers (n ‫؍‬ 18), various types of fresh seafood (n ‫؍‬ 18), frozen shrimp (n ‫؍‬ 16), fresh-farmed shrimp tissue (n ‫؍‬ 18), and shrimp farm water (n ‫؍‬ 16). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of genetic diversity within the V. parahaemolyticus population, although isolates recovered from clinical samples and from farmed shrimp and water samples represented distinct clusters. The tight clustering of the clinical isolates suggests that disease-causing isolates are not a random sample of the environmental reservoir, although the source of infection remains unclear. Extensive serotypic diversity occurred among isolates representing the same sequence types and recovered from the same source at the same time. These findings suggest that the O-and K-antigen-encoding loci are subject to exceptionally high rates of recombination. There was also strong evidence of interspecies horizontal gene transfer and intragenic recombination involving the recA locus in a large proportion of isolates. As the majority of the intragenic recombinational exchanges involving recA occurred among clinical and carrier isolates, it is possible that the human intestinal tract serves as a potential reservoir of donor and recipient strains that is promoting horizontal DNA transfer, driving evolutionary change, and leading to the emergence of new, potentially pathogenic strains. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a seafood-borne pathogenic bacterium and is the leading cause of traveler's diarrhea and gastroenteritis worldwide due to the consumption of undercooked contaminated seafood, particularly shellfish. The organism possesses a number of virulence factors, including a thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) (1), a thermostable direct hemolysinrelated hemolysin (TRH) (2), and type 3 secretion system 1 (TTSS1) and TTSS2 (3). Strains that possess tdh, trh, and TTSS2-encoding genes are generally pathogenic and responsible for the vast majority of clinical cases. While such strains account for only 1 to 2% of isolates sampled from water and different marine species (4-6), they are known to have a widespread global distribution, having been reported from cases of infection in Japan, India, Thailand, Malaysia, China, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Italy, and the East and Gulf Coasts of the United States (7-19).The public health and commercial burdens associated with V. parahaemolyticus contamination are very high in Thailand due to the wide consumption of seafood. Although undercooked seafood has been identified as a source of V. parahaemolyticus infection (20, 21), the relative likelihood of contamination from differ...

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Relationships of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates from Clinical, Human Carrier, and Environmental Sources in Thailand, Determined by Multilocus Sequence Analysis

Theethakaew

Feil

Castillo-Ramírez

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…However, for samples with very low V. parahaemolyticus densities, MPN is more sensitive (3 MPN/g) compared to direct plating and the colony hybridisation method (10 cfu/g). Spread plating on T 1 N 3 after APW enrichment followed by colony hybridisation is superior to the conventional streak plate method for the recovery of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus compared to the traditional streak plate method [8,9]. Digoxygenin labelled probes are simple to prepare in-house from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified fragments and have more reporter groups per probe molecule.…”

Section: Probe Hybridisation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection limit of more than 10 4 cfu/g when applied to lysates prepared directly from fish homogenates could be improved (Ͻ10 cfu/mL) by performing PCR after an 8 hour enrichment in alkaline peptone water [20]. PCR performed on lysates obtained from seafood homogenates without enrichment using primers amplifying toxR gene, yielded a higher number of positives compared to conventional isolation and PCR was more sensitive than colony hybridisation for detection of tdh+ and trh+ organisms [9]. Positivity increased with duration of enrichment, up to 18 hours.…”

Section: Detection Of Bacterial Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Pathogens in Seafood

Karunasagar

2010

Handbook of Seafood Quality, Safety and Health Applications

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“…In the Gulf coast in US, the percentage has been generally less than 1 %, but in the Pacific northwest up to 3.2 % strains could be TDH positive (FAO/WHO 2011). 6-10 % of oysters from India were positive for V. parahaemolyticus carrying the tdh gene (Deepanjali et al 2005, Raghunath et al 2008). Some TDH negative strains from clinical cases were found to produce a TDH-related hemolysin, TRH (Honda et al 1988).…”

Section: Vibrio Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Aquaculture Products

Karunasagar

2014

Zoonoses - Infections Affecting Humans and Animals

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According to FAO statistics, aquaculture is contributing to nearly half of the global food fish production. Fish contributes to both nutritional and food security in many developing economies. Fish is also one of the most extensively traded food commodities; most of global aquaculture production takes place in developing countries and the major markets are in the developed world. European Union, Japan and United States together account for about 70 % of global fish imports.

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Detection and molecular characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seafood harvested along the southwest coast of India

Cited by 53 publications

References 43 publications

Genetic Relationships of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates from Clinical, Human Carrier, and Environmental Sources in Thailand, Determined by Multilocus Sequence Analysis

Genetic Relationships of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates from Clinical, Human Carrier, and Environmental Sources in Thailand, Determined by Multilocus Sequence Analysis

Molecular Detection of Pathogens in Seafood

Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Aquaculture Products

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