Detection and Molecular Characterization of Animal Adenovirus and Astrovirus from Western Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Astroviruses (AstV) and adenoviruses (AdV) are associated with diarrhoea in young animals. However, the epidemiology and genetic diversity of AstVs and AdVs in animals is not well studied. Hence, the present study was conducted to detect and characterize AstVs and AdVs in calves, piglets and puppies from Western Maharashtra, India. Out of the processed porcine (48), canine (80), and bovine (65) faecal samples, the porcine AstV (PAstV), bovine AstV (BAstV), canine AstV (CAstV), and porcine AdV (PAdV) were detected in 12.5%, 7.69%, 3.75% and 4.1% of samples, respectively. In the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region-based phylogenetic analysis, the detected BAstV strains grouped with MAstV-28, MAstV-33, and MAstV-35, CAstV strains belonged to MAstV-5; PAstV strains belonged to MAstV-24, MAstV-26, and MAstV-31. However, in hexon gene-based phylogeny, both the detected PAdV were of genotype 3, exhibiting 91.9–92.5% nucleotide identity with Ivoirian and Chinese strains. The study reports first-time BAstVs from calves and PAdV-3 from piglets in India. The study revealed diversity in the circulation of AstVs in tested animals and AdVs in pigs, and suggested that they alone might be associated with other diarrhoea or in combination with other enteric pathogens, thus highlighting the necessity of extensive epidemiological investigations to develop diagnostic tools and control measures.

Metatranscriptomic assessment of diarrhoeic faeces reveals diverse RNA viruses in rotavirus group A infected piglets and calves from India

“…The validation of detected viruses was performed by virus isolation for porcine RVA until the fourth passage in MA104 cells, confirmed by sandwich ELISA and real-time quantitative RT-PCR (unpublished data, Supplementary File 2 ). Moreover, bovine RVA ( Sawant et al., 2020a ), astrovirus ( Sawant et al., 2023 ), porcine enterovirus G, and porcine teschoviruses ( Sawant et al., 2020b ) were detected by RT-PCR using specific primers. Nevertheless, the present exploratory study has significant limitations.…”