Detection and imaging of local ply angle in carbon fiber reinforced plastics using laser ultrasound and tilt filter processing

Ambroziński, Łukasz; Mrówka, Jakub; O’Donnell, Matthew; Pelivanov, Ivan

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105581

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Common Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) methods, such as ultrasound, are generally unable to determine fibre orientations due to resolution limitations. Although some effort has been made to characterise out-of-plane wrinkling inside continuous fibre reinforced composites with focussed probes [4,5] and laser ultrasound methods [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some effort has been made to characterise out-of-plane wrinkling inside continuous fibre reinforced composites with focussed probes 4,5 and laser ultrasound methods. 6 Some success for in-plane orientation measurement has also been reported using active thermography and ultrasonic spectroscopy with guided Lamb waves, 7 but was specific to a glass fibre sheet moulded compound (SMC) material reinforced by carbon fibre tapes. Other research has considered radio frequency eddy current technologies and 2 D Fast Fourier transforms to non-destructively analyse the texture and orientation of woven carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) for quality assurance purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploiting the optical reflectance behaviour of carbon fibre composites for low-cost inspection and orientations analysis

Pierce

Liu

2020

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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This work focusses on understanding and exploiting the optical reflectance behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites for the non-destructive determination of fibre orientation and surface defects. By taking a series of images under different lighting conditions, fibre reflections have been isolated and MATLAB image analysis has been used to calculate the fibre orientations across the surface of the composite. An average peak method has been developed and validated against manual orientation measurements for two different applications: a machined scarf repair surface and a discontinuous fibre composite. The same experimental method and analysis code showed good results for both cases without modification, when at least 16 images with different directional lighting conditions are used. Hence, this low-cost approach can be applied to a diverse range of quality assurance and research applications where fibre orientations or other surface details need to be characterised.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting the optical reflectance behaviour of carbon fibre composites for low-cost inspection and orientations analysis

Pierce

Liu

2020

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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“…Our fast LU scanner with Sagnac interferometer on receive was described in detail and demonstrated for small composite and metal samples in previous work [ 10 , 11 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Briefly, the sample was fixed on an XY translator equipped with a position-based sync output (PSO).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LU scanner in this study has been used for multiple NDT&E applications in composites, including flaw detection [ 10 , 11 , 18 ], ply-by-ply imaging of impact damage [ 19 ], single-sided evaluation of material porosity without requiring a back-wall signal [ 20 ], diagnostics of heat damage [ 21 ], and wrinkles [ 22 ]. Recently, it was also used to image and evaluate adhesion in glued aluminum sandwich structures [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distance and Angle Correction System (DACS) for a kHz A-Scan Rate Pump-Probe Laser-Ultrasound Inspection

Canfield

Ahrens²,

Bingham

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Non-contact optical detection of ultrasound critically depends on the amount of light collected from the detection surface. Although it can be optimized in multiple ways for an ideal flat polished surface, industrial non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) usually requires optical detectors to be robust for unpolished material surfaces that are usually rough and curved. Confocal detectors provide the best light collection but must trade off sensitivity with depth of field. Specifically, detection efficiency increases with the numerical aperture (NA) of the detector, but the depth of field drops. Therefore, fast realignment of the detector focal point is critical for in-field applications. Here, we propose an optical distance and angle correction system (DACS) and demonstrate it in a kHz-rate laser-ultrasound inspection system. It incorporates a Sagnac interferometer on receive for the fast scanning of aircraft composites, which minimizes the required initial alignment. We show that DACS performs stably for different composite surfaces while providing ±2° angular and ±2 mm axial automatic correction with a maximum 100 ms realignment time.

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“…Laser pulses excite broadband US signals, significantly improving the resolution compared to contact probes. Broadband longitudinal waves can be used to image individual plies in structures made of carbon-reinforced plastics [ 9 , 10 ], obtaining images similar to X-ray computed tomography [ 11 ]. However, due to the small skin depth of laser light absorption in metals, longitudinal waves are not efficiently generated in the direction normal to the surface without surface ablation or a constraining layer [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of disbonds in adhesively bonded aluminum plates using laser-generated shear acoustic waves

et al. 2021

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Adhesively bonded metals are increasingly used in many industries. Inspecting these parts remains challenging for modern non-destructive testing techniques. Laser ultrasound (LU) has shown great potential in high-resolution imaging of carbon-reinforced composites. For metals, excitation of longitudinal waves is inefficient without surface ablation. However, shear waves can be efficiently generated in the thermo-elastic regime and used to image defects in metallic structures. Here we present a compact LU system consisting of a high repetition rate diode-pumped laser to excite shear waves and noncontact detection with a highly sensitive fiber optic Sagnac interferometer to inspect adhesively bonded aluminum plates. Multiphysics finite difference simulations are performed to optimize the measurement configuration. Damage detection is performed for a structure consisting of three aluminum plates bonded with an epoxy film. Defects are simulated by a thin Teflon film. It is shown that the proposed technique can efficiently localize defects in both adhesion layers.

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Detection and imaging of local ply angle in carbon fiber reinforced plastics using laser ultrasound and tilt filter processing

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Exploiting the optical reflectance behaviour of carbon fibre composites for low-cost inspection and orientations analysis

Exploiting the optical reflectance behaviour of carbon fibre composites for low-cost inspection and orientations analysis

Distance and Angle Correction System (DACS) for a kHz A-Scan Rate Pump-Probe Laser-Ultrasound Inspection

Detection of disbonds in adhesively bonded aluminum plates using laser-generated shear acoustic waves

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