Detection and Identification of Human Papillomavirus Types Isolated from Korean Patients with Flat Warts

Abstract

Flat warts, also called verruca planna (VP) or juvenile warts, are benign epithelial proliferations of the skin caused by infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Several HPV types are known to be associated with flat warts, and particularly HPV type 3 and 10 have been most frequently reported in other countries. In this study, for the detection and typing of human papillomavirus isolated from Korean patients with flat warts, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction endonuclease digestion were carried out with a set of restriction endonucleases, using the cloned HPV DNA and DNA from clinical specimens. A unique digestion pattern for HPV type 3 and 10, a form of miniature fingerprinting, enabled us to identify HPV type from the amplified fragments. A total of thirty clinical samples, as either frozen tissue or paraffin-embedded tissue, were investigated to verify the type. All the clinical samples except one were con-firmed to be type 3, one of the most frequently observed types in flat warts, and one sample was neither type 3 nor type 10. Further investigation of the unidentified sample by DNA sequencing and sequence alignment with other known HPV types revealed that the sample was a variant of HPV type 94, one of the EV-related HPVs, with the closest evolutionary distance to the HPV type 10 among the known flat wart-associated HPV types.

Newly‐isolated HPV97, related to HPV18 and 45 is frequently detected in HIV‐positive men from the montreal area

“…Recently cloned types 92, 93, 94, 95 and 96 were isolated from skin lesions and belong to the cutaneous Beta Papillomavirus genus which has a less important influence on human health. [2][3][4][5] It was thus unusual that 2 independent research teams nearly simultaneously cloned and sequenced a novel HPV type that infects the anogenital mucosa, results that were presented by both groups at the 23rd International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop 2006 in Prague. 6,7 We were greatly interested in the following article by Chen et al which was published on line March 9, 2007 in this journal 8 , on molecular characterization of HPV97 isolate cloned from a healthy Costa Rican women.…”

Topical vitamin A treatment of recalcitrant common warts

“…HPV types 2, 4, 26, 29 and others are responsible for common warts ( verruca vulgaris ), which are slightly raised rough surface epithelial proliferations that occur most often on the hands, but can also grow elsewhere on the body. Other types of warts include plantars warts ( verruca plantaris ) that occur most commonly on the soles of the feet (HPV 1 and others) [2], flat warts ( verruca plana ) usually appearing on the face (HPV 3, 10, 38 and others) [3], butcher's warts of the hands and fingers (HPV 7) [4], and oral, gentialoranogenital warts ( condyloma acuminata ; HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 and many others) [5]. While common warts can affect patients' quality of life by causing adverse psychological effects or negative social perception, certain types of HPV may induce life-threatening malignancies.…”

Human papillomavirus type 94‐associated flat warts and review of reported cases

“…3 In addition to HPV3, HPV10 is also known to cause flat warts. 6 However, due to the close sequence homology between HPV10 and HPV94, HPV94 may be the second-most common HPV type responsible for flat warts after HPV3. To date, HPV94 has been detected in Germany, other European countries, Japan, and Korea, as shown in Table 1.…”