Detection and identification of bacterial DNA in semen

Kiessling, Ann A.; Desmarais, Bryan M.; Yin, Hui-Zhong; Loverde, Joseph; Eyre, Robert C.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.08.083

Cited by 72 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[7] Yet, in light of the increasing number of patients seeking treatment for impaired fertility using assisted reproduction (intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, or intracytoplasmic sperm injection), the diagnosis of “silent” genital tract infections should receive attention as the infection may be linked to asthenozoospermia. [8] Infections are potentially treatable causes of male infertility and resistance to common antibiotics and poor compliance may impede the efficacy of antibiotics in resolving complicated UTI or restoring fertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semen culture and the assessment of genitourinary tract infections

Solomon

Henkel

2017

Indian J Urol

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The male factor contributes approximately 50% to infertility-related cases in couples with an estimated 12%–35% of these cases attributable to male genital tract infections. Depending on the nature of the infection, testicular sperm production, sperm transport, and sperm function can be compromised. Yet, infections are potentially treatable causes of infertility. Male genital tract infections are increasingly difficult to detect. Moreover, they often remain asymptomatic (“silent”) with the result that they are then passed on to the relevant sexual partner leading to fertilization and pregnancy failure as well as illness of the offspring. With the worldwide increasing problem of antibiotic resistance of pathogens, proper diagnosis and therapy of the patient is important. This testing, however, should include not only aerobic microbes but also anaerobic as these can be found in almost all ejaculates with about 71% being potentially pathogenic. Therefore, in cases of any indication of a male genital tract infection, a semen culture should be carried out, particularly in patients with questionable semen quality. Globally, an estimate of 340 million new infections with sexually transmitted pathogens is recorded annually. Among these, the most prevalent pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma hominis. Escherichia coli are considered the most common nonsexually transmitted urogenital tract microbes. These pathogens cause epididymitis, epididymo-orchitis, or prostatitis and contribute to increased seminal leukocyte concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semen culture and the assessment of genitourinary tract infections

Solomon

Henkel

2017

Indian J Urol

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“…To broadly assess whether the endogenous microbiome of the semen compartment [25] impacted semen immunology and sVL, total bacterial load was quantified by 16S rRNA. In men free of bacterial STIs, the total bacterial load was positively correlated with both the HIV sVL (Spearman rho = 0.51; P = .016) (Figure 3) and the SI score (Spearman rho = 0.48; P = .024), and it was higher in participants meeting criteria for SI (median log 10 bacterial load 7.03 vs 5.40; P = .003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Mucosal Immune Correlates of HIV-1 Semen Levels in Antiretroviral-Naive Men

Osborne

Marsh

Huibner

et al. 2017

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background.This study was done to characterize parameters associated with semen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral load (VL) variability in HIV-infected, therapy-naive men.Methods.Paired blood and semen samples were collected from 30 HIV-infected, therapy-naive men who have sex with men, and 13 participants were observed longitudinally for up to 1 year. Human immunodeficiency virus RNA, bacterial load by 16S RNA, herpesvirus (Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus [CMV]) shedding, and semen cytokines/chemokines were quantified, and semen T-cell subsets were assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry.Results.Semen HIV RNA was detected at 93% of visits, with >50% of men shedding high levels of virus (defined as >5000 copies/mL). In the baseline cross-sectional analysis, an increased semen HIV VL correlated with local CMV reactivation, the semen bacterial load, and semen inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin (IL)-8. T cells in semen were more activated than blood, and there was an increased frequency of Th17 cells and γδ-T-cells. Subsequent prospective analysis demonstrated striking interindividual variability in HIV and CMV shedding patterns, and only semen IL-8 levels and the blood VL were independently associated with semen HIV levels.Conclusions.Several clinical and immune parameters were associated with increased HIV semen levels in antiretroviral therapy-naive men, with induction of local proinflammatory cytokines potentially acting as a common pathway.

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“…The seminal specimens from men examined for fertility problems contained even a greater variety of microorganisms, including anaerobic microfl ora [3].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Prostatic Epithelium Basement Membrane Incompetence in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Prostatitis

et al. 2012

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Prostatic inflammation is associated with infections penetrating through the urethra. This inflammation is treated by long courses of wide-spectrum antibiotics. However, the most frequent cause of prostatitis is Escherichia coli and other enteric flora. Electron microscopy of biopsy specimens from the prostate detected gaps in the prostatic epithelium basement membrane, their size explaining the penetration of enteric flora into the prostate. These data suggest another view on the pathogenesis of prostatitis and approaches to improvement of therapy for this disease.

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Detection and identification of bacterial DNA in semen

Cited by 72 publications

References 35 publications

Semen culture and the assessment of genitourinary tract infections

Semen culture and the assessment of genitourinary tract infections

Clinical and Mucosal Immune Correlates of HIV-1 Semen Levels in Antiretroviral-Naive Men

Role of Prostatic Epithelium Basement Membrane Incompetence in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Prostatitis

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