Detection and <i>in vitro</i> metabolism of the confiscated peptides BPC 157 and MGF R23H

Cox, Holly D.; Miller, Geoffrey D.; Eichner, Daniel

doi:10.1002/dta.2152

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The human gastric juice-derived protein labelled BPC 157, also known as Bepecin (Cox et al 2017), PL 14736 and PL10 (Tkalčević et al 2007) is a stable gastric pentadecapeptide that was first introduced and overviewed in the Journal of Physiology (Paris) by Sikirić et al (1993). BPC 157 is a 15 amino acid fragment (Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val) that is often termed as 'synthetic'; although the compounds are 'natural', they are not known to exist in nature and are derived from another protein (Bódis et al 1997).…”

Section: Human Gastric Juice-derived Protein: Bpc 157mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing

2019

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There is a current need for a therapy that can alleviate the social and economic burden that presents itself with debilitating and recurring musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries and disorders. Currently, several therapies are emerging and undergoing trials in animal models; these focus on the manipulation and administration of several growth factors implicated with healing. However, limitations include in vivo instability, reliance on biocompatible and robust carriers and restricted application procedures (local and direct). The aim of this paper is therefore to critically review the current literature surrounding the use of BPC 157, as a feasible therapy for healing and functional restoration of soft tissue damage, with a focus on tendon, ligament and skeletal muscle healing. Currently, all studies investigating BPC 157 have demonstrated consistently positive and prompt healing effects for various injury types, both traumatic and systemic and for a plethora of soft tissues. However, to date, the majority of studies have been performed on small rodent models and the efficacy of BPC 157 is yet to be confirmed in humans. Further, over the past two decades, only a handful of research groups have performed in-depth studies regarding this peptide. Despite this, it is apparent that BPC 157 has huge potential and following further development has promise as a therapy to conservatively treat or aid recovery in hypovascular and hypocellular soft tissues such as tendon and ligaments. Moreover, skeletal muscle injury models have suggested a beneficial effect not only for disturbances that occur as a result of direct trauma but also for systemic insults including hyperkalamia and hypermagnesia. Promisingly, there are few studies reporting any adverse reactions to the administration of BPC 157, although there is still a need to understand the precise healing mechanisms for this therapy to achieve clinical realisation.

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Section: Human Gastric Juice-derived Protein: Bpc 157mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing

2019

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“…The study focused on the development of assays for blood samples as the expected concentrations in plasma/serum are approximately tenfold higher than in urine, which is also prone to additional unknown degradation and/or metabolic conversions. 4,11,[14][15][16] As blood-derived biological matrices are therefore superior for the detection of large peptides, both plasma and serum were tested during method development and found to allow for a sensitive and specific detection of insulin-mimetic peptides. As plasma was found to provide a higher analyte stability (see also Section 3.4), this matrix was finally employed for method validation.…”

Section: Methods Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin‐mimetic peptides in sports drug testing

Thomas,

Krombholz,

Breuer

et al. 2023

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Because of its influence on carbohydrate metabolism and, at the same time, anti‐catabolic effects, the misuse of the peptide hormone insulin and its synthetic analogs is prohibited in sports at all times according to the regulations of the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA). The biological effects of insulin and its analogs are mediated through binding to the insulin receptor, which was also found to be activated by different peptides structurally largely unrelated to insulin. Such insulin‐mimetic peptides or selective‐insulin receptor modulators (SIRMs) represent a novel class of potential performance‐enhancing agents, which is currently not explicitly mentioned on the WADA Prohibited List. Within this research project, advanced solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography coupled to high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS/MS) were employed to develop a fast, reliable, and specific assay for the detection of the insulin‐mimetic peptides S597 and S519 from plasma. Method validation demonstrated a detection limit of 0.5 ng/mL and successfully illustrated the applicability of the approach to routine sports drug testing programs. Moreover, sophisticated and comprehensive in vitro metabolism experiments were conducted, and several metabolic degradation products were identified, which will enhance the information generated from future analyses of doping control samples.

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“…BPC 157 is suggested to aid in tendon, ligament and muscle healing, and therefore its use as a quick injury healing in the sporting world is appealing. However, no proper clinical trials in human subjects have yet been performed to investigate the healing capability and the harmful effects of this compound [97]. BPC 157 was recently identified in several confiscated vials for injection.…”

Section: Identification Of Body Protecting Compound 157 (Bpc 157)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Peptides and Proteins in Illegally Distributed Products by MALDI-TOF-MS

Ahmad¹,

Rundlöf²,

Lodén³

et al. 2021

Mass Spectrometry in Life Sciences and Clinical Laboratory

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An analytical strategy based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) for identification of peptides and proteins in illegally distributed products is presented. The identified compounds include human growth hormone (hGH), human somatoliberin, anti-obesity drug (AOD), growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRP-2 and GHRP-6), Glycine-GHRP-2 and Glycine-GHRP-6, ipamorelin, insulin aspart and porcine, delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP), thymosin β4, insulin like growth factor (IGF), mechano growth factor (MGF), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), melanotan II, bremelanotide, dermorphin and body protecting compound (BPC 157). The identification of proteins was mainly based on peptide mass fingerprinting, i.e., bottom up approach, while the smaller peptides were identified through de-novo sequencing. In cases when a reference standard was available, complementary identification was performed by capillary electrophoresis in double-injection mode (DICE), where a suspicious product was compared with the reference standard through two consecutive injections within the same electrophoretic run.

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Detection and in vitro metabolism of the confiscated peptides BPC 157 and MGF R23H

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing

Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing

Insulin‐mimetic peptides in sports drug testing

Identification of Peptides and Proteins in Illegally Distributed Products by MALDI-TOF-MS

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