Detection and Characterization of Salmonella Serotypes in the Production Chain of Two Pig Farms in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Salmonella in the pork production chain and to characterize Salmonella isolates. From 764 samples, 35 (4.6%) were positive for Salmonella spp., as determined by biochemical tests and the presence of the invA gene. From these, 2.6, 2.0, 8.8, and 8.0% corresponded to samples collected from farms, slaughterhouses, boning rooms and retail markets, respectively. Salmonella strains were classified into five serotypes and distributed as follows: S. Typhimurium in the pork production chain, S. Kentucky in farms and slaughterhouses, S. Brandenburg in slaughterhouses, S. Livingstone in farms and S. Agona in boning rooms and retail markets. Interestingly, the antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated that all 35 Salmonella spp.-positive isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, and 30 were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and resistant to different classes of antibiotics. The enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) analysis showed clonal relatedness among strains isolated from farms, boning rooms and retail markets. The presence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella in food poses a potential health hazard to consumers.

Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) Combined with Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Rapid Detection of Salmonella in Food

“…The World Health Organization lists Salmonella as a moderately to seriously hazardous foodborne pathogen [6]. Salmonella is found in a wide variety of food products, including poultry, vegetables, eggs, and soybean products, and contamination is common in retail meats [7,8]. Accuracy is essential for a detection technique.…”

Comparative Analysis Using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Highlights a Potential Transmission of Salmonella Between Asymptomatic Buffaloes and Pigs in a Single Farm

“…Molecular typing techniques, such us ERIC-PCR and PFGE, are an important method to distinguish different bacterial isolates and are useful to identify the origins of bacteria (33). In our study, S. Agona was isolated from two lactating buffaloes, a pregnant sow and a gilt, that generated an identical PFGE pulsetype (Profile 1), revealing a indistinguishable PFGE pattern between these isolates (Table 1 and Figure 1).…”

“…Molecular typing techniques, such us ERIC-PCR and PFGE, are an important method to distinguish different bacterial isolates and are useful to identify the origins of bacteria ( 33 ). In our study, S .…”

Detection of Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella enterica Strains in Larval and Adult Forms of Lesser Mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) From Industrial Poultry Farms

“…S. Infantis is an emerging serotype within the poultry industry, which apparently emerged 75 years ago and then expanded globally during industrialization of livestock production (31). S. Livingstone is a wide host range serotype associated with diverse hosts, including cattle (32), pigs (33), poultry (34), and sea lions (35), among others, although it is less frequently linked to disease in humans than is S. Infantis (8). The lower frequency of this serotype (and the absence of others) in sampled beetles may be explained by a competitive exclusion phenomenon that characterizes the transmission and colonization of Salmonella in poultry (36) and inside the gut of A. diaperinus (29).…”