Detection and Characterization of Pestivirus Contaminations in Human Live Viral Vaccines

Studer, Edgar; Bertoni, Giuseppe; Candrian, U.

doi:10.1006/biol.2002.0343

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Long-term culturing of cells and use of viruscontaminated sera (without proper testing of cells and sera for contaminating viruses) can lead to, in addition to "applied loss", erroneous conclusions in studies of the mechanisms of virus-cell interactions at the molecular and gene levels. In addition, the absence of regular testing of cells and preliminary analysis of commercial lots of sera (before use) can lead to animal virus contamination of vaccines for humans [14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of Cell Cultures with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)

Урываев

Dedova

et al. 2012

Bull Exp Biol Med

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The incidence of contamination of cell strains used in biological and virological studies and of fetal calf sera (FCS) manufactured by Russian and foreign companies used for cell culturing with noncytocidal bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV; Pestivirus, Flaviviridae) was analyzed. The virus was detected by reverse transcription PCR and indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies to BVDV virion envelope glycoprotein in 25% of 117 cell strains and 45% of 35 tested FCS lots. The virus multiplied and persisted in a wide spectrum of human cell strains and in monkey, swine, sheep, rabbit, dog, cat, and other animal cells. The levels of BVDV genome RNA in contaminated cell cultures reached 10(2)-10(3) g-eq/cell and in serum samples 10(3)-10(7) g-eq/ml. These facts necessitate testing of cells and FCS for BVDV reproduced in cells without signs of infection detectable by light microscopy. The molecular mechanisms of long-term virus persistence in cells without manifestation of cell destruction are unknown.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of Cell Cultures with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)

Урываев

Dedova

et al. 2012

Bull Exp Biol Med

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“…A common contaminant of FBS is bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a ruminant pestivirus. Before the routine control of raw materials and cell banks for the presence of BVDV, many vaccine lots contained this adventitious agent and some modern vaccines may still contain infectious virus or at least RNA sequences [79,80]. Some mammalian cells used for manufacturing, such as Vero cells, are permissive to growth of BVDV [81].…”

Section: Adventitious Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classical Live Viral Vaccines

Thomas¹

2010

Replicating Vaccines

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Classical, live viral vaccines have been developed by adapting viruses by serial passages in animals, tissue or cell cultures during which multiple mutations in the viral genome have accumulated. The majority of vaccines in use today were developed in this way and a number of similar investigational vaccines are currently in development. The principal advantage of live vaccines is that they mimic natural infection and induce durable immunity, including cytotoxic T cell responses that are not generated by soluble proteins and inactivated vaccines. Recent studies of gene activation following a live vaccine (yellow fever 17D) have shed light on the role of innate immune responses in provoking strong, polyfunctional adaptive immunity following the administration of live vaccines. The principal disadvantage of live vaccines is that, occasionally, infection caused by the live vaccine causes adverse events resembling the parental (virulent) virus. Such events can be due to reversions in critical attenuating mutations or to host-specific susceptibility factors. The attenuating mutations in live vaccines increase the inapparent: apparent infection ratio compared to the parental virus, but overt infection (adverse events) while far less frequent than in natural infection can still occur. This problem is inconsequential for infections that are typically mild or self-limited, such as measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella, but can be devastating for infections that are frequently lethal such as yellow fever or in individuals who are immunocompromised. Despite these issues, live vaccines have had dramatic benefits in reducing the incidence of the most important infections of humankind, and in one case (smallpox) a live vaccine helped eradicate a viral disease.

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“…Studies conducted by the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and Paraiba Research Institute (IPESQ) [12] are considering the possibility that the ZKV can act as a facilitator of the infection by the BVDV [13], a virus known to cause malformations in cattle and pigs, but considered incapable, under normal circumstances, to produce disease in humans [14]. Although fragments of this virus have been found in fetal tissues from microcephalic babies, BVDV is known to contaminate vaccines and other biological materials used in human healthcare, which makes this finding still inconclusive [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although fragments of this virus have been found in fetal tissues from microcephalic babies, BVDV is known to contaminate vaccines and other biological materials used in human healthcare, which makes this finding still inconclusive [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock and microcephaly, traces of an association?

Andrade

2016

Preprint

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Detection and Characterization of Pestivirus Contaminations in Human Live Viral Vaccines

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Contamination of Cell Cultures with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)

Contamination of Cell Cultures with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)

Classical Live Viral Vaccines

Livestock and microcephaly, traces of an association?

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