Detection and Characterization of Clostridium perfringens Serotype D from Small Ruminants of Balochistan

Taj, Imran; Abbas, Ferhat; Ahmad, Zaharani; Taj, Mohammad Kamran; Ahmad, Deedar; Ahmed, Zahoor; Mohammad, Ghulam; Haq, Ajaz-ul; Shahzad, Farooq; Azam, Sabiha

doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/2018.50.6.sc6

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The findings of the present study revealed 100% resistance against gentamicin, ceftriaxone and streptomycin (0.00 mm). In contradiction, in a previous study, isolates of C. perfringens were sensitive to gentamicin (20 mm), streptomycin (13 mm) and tetracycline (32 mm) (Taj et al, 2018). This contradiction with our results could be due to differences in region, sampling conditions and inappropriate use of antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance modulation of Clostridium perfringens type D using indigenous plants extracts

Ilyas, I.,

Ali, M. A.,

Anjum, A. A.

et al. 2024

MJM

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Aims:The study was aimed to explore the antimicrobial potential of ethanolic leaf extracts of Eucalyptus globulus, Moringa oliefera, Syzygium cumini and Citrus limon against antibiotic-resistant Clostridium perfringens type D (n=5). Methodology and results: Antibiotic resistance pattern of C. perfringens type D isolates against tetracycline, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin and streptomycin was evaluated by disc diffusion method. Well diffusion and micro broth dilution methods were used to determine the anti-bacterial activity, sub-inhibitory concentrations and antibiotic resistance modulating effects of the plant extracts. Ethanolic extract of E. globules was selected to evaluate its modulatory impact and subjected to GC-MS analysis to separate and identify the phytochemicals. The results showed that the isolates were resistant to gentamicin (0 ± 0.00 mm), streptomycin (0 ± 0.00 mm) and ceftriaxone (0 ± 0.00 mm) while sensitive to amoxicillin (23.8 ± 1.30 mm) and tetracycline (13.2 ± 2.28 mm). Eucalyptus globulus exhibited the maximum anti-bacterial activity with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 14.6 ± 0.54 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (1500 ± 947.85 µg/mL). Other plant extracts (M. oliefera, S. cumini and C. limon) also showed anti-bacterial activity but couldn't modulate the resistance. The activity of ceftriaxone associated with E. globulus extract was improved with 20.2 ± 0.20 mm ZOI at 78.125 µg/mL sub-inhibitory concentration. Conclusion, significance and impact of study:The study results indicate the possible use of the ethanolic extract of E. globulus alone or in combination with common antibiotics for the treatment of C. perfringens infections in small ruminants.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance modulation of Clostridium perfringens type D using indigenous plants extracts

Ilyas, I.,

Ali, M. A.,

Anjum, A. A.

et al. 2024

MJM

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“…A total of 48 isolates (30 sheep and 18 goat) were confirmed using biochemical characterization from 48 positive colonies. Similar results of C. perfringens prevalence have been reported by Taj et al (2018), who reported 34.4% prevalence in goats and 54.78% in sheep et al, 2021). In current investigation, we also used polymerase chain reaction assay to confirm isolates of C. perfringens by amplifying the 324bp fragment of CPA (alpha toxin gene) as suggested in literature (Alsaab et al, 2021).…”

Section: Antibiogram Of C Perfringens Isolatessupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Extraction of genomic DNA was done from C. perfringens isolates using commercially available extraction kit following the instruction of the manufacturer (GeneAll, Korea). Polymerase chain reaction was performed for recognition of target Cpe gene by using specific primers CpeF 5 -GGAGATGGTTGGATATTAGG -3 cpeR5 -GGACCAGCAG TTGTAGATA -3 according to the procedures of Taj et al (2018). For performing PCR, the total volume of reaction mixture was 30 µl that comprises 12 µl of grade water, 6 µl of DNA template, 1 µl of each primer and 10 µl of master mix.…”

Section: Genomic Dna Extraction and Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among life-threatening infections, enterotoxaemia has vital importance. The disease usually occurs due to the ingestion of more grain or luxurious pasture (Taj et al, 2018). It has been estimated that defense of small ruminants from infectious diseases particularly from enterotoxaemia can help to get good production and profit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigators from various parts of the world stated dissimilar incidence percentage (24.13 to 100 per cent) of enterotoxaemia in small ruminants (Fayez et al, 2013). Enterotoxaemia which is also known as pulpy kidney or overeating disease is caused by certain serotype of Prevalence and Antibiogram of Clostridium perfringens in Small Ruminants of District Kalat, Balochistan C. perfringens in small ruminants, which can even devastate the whole farm (Taj et al, 2018;Uzal et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Antibiogram of Clostridium perfringens in Small Ruminants of District Kalat, Balochistan

Hakeem,

Kamboh,

Matar

et al. 2024

IJAR

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Background: Among life-threatening infections of small ruminants (sheep/goat), enterotoxaemia has vital importance. This disease is caused by certain serotype of Clostridium perfringens and commonly known as pulpy kidney or overeating infection. The current study was carried out to determine the prevalence of C. perfringens in small ruminants in different zones (Kalat, Mangochar, Johan, and Gazg) of district Kalat, Balochistan. Methods: Fecal samples (n=100) were collected aseptically, from rectum of enterotoxaemia suspected animals. The samples were cultured in Reinforced Clostridial Media (RCM). Biochemically identified isolates were further confirmed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Result: Overall prevalence of C. perfringens was noticed 48%, with higher occurrence rate (p less than 0.01) in sheep (60%) than goat (36%). Among fifty samples of each specie, 30 and 18 isolates recovered from sheep and goat respectively. The area wise analysis showed that, in goats, the highest prevalence was found in Kalat (50%) followed by the Mangochar (38.46%), Johan (30.77%) and Gazg (25%). The statistical analysis revealed the significant differences (p less than 0.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) 18.80-68.91) in C. perfringens prevalence in various areas of Kalat district. The results of the gender-wise prevalence of C. perfringens exhibited a numerically higher (p greater than 0.05; 95% CI 9.23-49.02) prevalence in female goats (40%) than male goats (32%). Whereas, the age-wise analysis indicated that, in less than 1 year age group (44.44%), the prevalence of C. perfringens was higher (p less than 0.05; 95% CI 8.00-57.89) than greater than 1 but less than 2 years (29.41%) and ³ 2-year (33.33%) age groups. Similarly, in sheep, the highest prevalence (p less than 0.05) was found in Kalat (76.92%) followed by Mangochar (66.67%), Johan (58.33%) and Gazg (38.46%). The age wise and gender-wise differences (p less than 0.05) were also observed in various age and gender groups of sheep similar to goat. Among 30 sheep isolates of C. perfringens, a highest number (28 isolates) showed resistance against amikacin, followed by amoxicillin/penicillin (25 isolates) and colistin sulphate (22 isolates); while among 18 isolates of goat 17 were found resistant against colistin sulphate and 16 were resistant against amoxicillin and amikacin. In conclusion enterotoxaemia is prevailing in small ruminants of district Kalat, Balochistan thus mass scale vaccination campaign should be carried out to prevent losses.

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Study on bacterial pathogens through multiplex polymerase chain reaction system and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Goat is one of the major livestock species, plays an important role in the economy of Bangladesh. However, the outbreak of different infectious diseases in goats causes high mortality and economic losses due to lack of proper diagnosis and treatment. Conventional culture-based methods for detecting specific pathogens as confirmatory diagnosis are laborious as well as time-consuming in comparison to multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR), by which multiple pathogens can be detected at a time. The present study was aimed to perform faster molecular identification of bacterial pathogens from goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 blood samples were collected from goats at S. A. Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital (SAQTVH) in Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for the period of July 2017-April 2018. DNA was extracted and subsequently, mPCR assay was performed for the screening of several bacterial pathogens (Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Clostridium perfringens, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus). An antimicrobial susceptibility test against ten antimicrobials for positive samples of each organism was conducted using the Kirby–Bauer Disk-Diffusion Method on selective media. Results: S. aureus, C. perfringens, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. were detected from collected samples and their overall prevalence was 11.5%, 3.5%, 1%, and 20.5%, respectively. The most common clinical signs were mild fever, nasal discharge, dyspnea, and coughing (39.1%) for S. aureus, diarrhea, convulsion, abdominal pain, and incoordination (57.1%) for C. perfringens, fever, protrusion of tongue, and incoordination (100%) for L. monocytogenes, and fever, anorexia, dehydration with mucous feces (36.6%) for Salmonella spp. infection in goats. Antimicrobial diagram of S. aureus showed resistance against Cefotaxime (74%), Cefixime (65%), and Tetracycline (65%); highly sensitive against Amoxicillin (48%), Ciprofloxacin (44%), and Gentamicin (44%). On the other hand, C. perfringens showed highly resistant against Ampicillin (71%), Gentamicin (71%), sensitive against Penicillin (57%), and Cefotaxime (57%). L. monocytogenes were found to be sensitive to Penicillin (100%) and Cefixime (100%) and Salmonella spp. showed resistance to Ampicillin (78%) and Amoxicillin (59%) but sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (54%). Conclusion: This study identified pathogens with their specific clinical signs in goats presumed fever and/or diarrhea through mPCR with their AMR pattern in SAQTVH, Chattogram. Potential risk factors, measuring the strength of association of disease caused by these particular pathogens, were also determined. mPCR may use as an effective tool for rapid detection of pathogens in animal.

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Detection and Characterization of Clostridium perfringens Serotype D from Small Ruminants of Balochistan

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Antibiotic resistance modulation of Clostridium perfringens type D using indigenous plants extracts

Antibiotic resistance modulation of Clostridium perfringens type D using indigenous plants extracts

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Clostridium perfringens in Small Ruminants of District Kalat, Balochistan

Study on bacterial pathogens through multiplex polymerase chain reaction system and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea

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