Detection and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella spp. Isolated From Commercial Eggs in Tiaret Province, Algeria

Abstract

Salmonellosis is a significant public health problem worldwide. The current study aimed to investigate the presence of Salmonella spp. in commercial eggs of Tiaret province, Algeria, and evaluate the susceptibility of isolated strains to different antimicrobial agents. A total of 180 commercial eggs collected from various retail outlets (groceries, butchers, wholesalers, street vendors) were analyzed by conventional methods, and 13 Salmonella spp. isolates were tested on a panel of 7 antimicrobial agents using the disc diffusion method. Of 180 chicken egg content samples examined, the findings indicated that 13 (7.22%) were positive for Salmonella spp. Regarding the collection site, 2 (1.11%), 4 (2.22%), and 7 (3.88%) of Salmonella spp. isolates were detected from butchers, wholesalers, and street vendors, respectively. Most antibiotic discs have demonstrated widespread resistance with an incidence rate of 100%, including amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, and erythromycin. However, colistin sulfate, gentamycin, and tetracycline were more effective against Salmonella isolates. It can be concluded that the highest detection rate of Salmonella spp. was observed for street vendors, and the highest resistance was recorded for commonly used antibiotics in poultry production.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium isolated from hen eggs and quail eggs in Karaj, Iran

“…However, all the strains in both serotypes were resistant to colistin. These results contrast with similar studies that reported either sensitivity or very low resistance to colistin (Bahramianfard et al., 2021; Merati & Boudra, 2023). The high resistance to colistin among the Salmonella strains isolated in this study and the risk of horizontal gene transfer indicates that the indiscriminate use of colistin in poultry may threaten public health.…”

“…Based on studies carried out in Iran and other countries on contaminated eggs, the most common isolated serotypes of hen eggs include S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium (Hosseininezhad et al., 2020; Merati & Boudra, 2023; Sabeer & Abeer, 2019), which is consistent with the results of our study. The prevalence of S. enteritidis is due to its vertical transmission and colonization in the hen reproductive system, which can contaminate the contents and the shell.…”

“…Our results showed that isolated Salmonella strains were susceptible to most human and animal antibiotics tested (14 agents). Moreover, multi‐drug resistance was not observed, which was inconsistent with several similar studies (Eid et al., 2015; Farahani et al., 2018; Hossain et al., 2019; Merati & Boudra, 2023). However, all the strains in both serotypes were resistant to colistin.…”

“…The results of the present study demonstrated that, as in most other studies, Salmonella contamination in the shell of the eggs tested was more significant than its contents (1% vs. 0.3%) ( p ‐value = 0.010). This result is not far from expected because the contamination of the shell can happen as a result of direct contamination with the faeces of infected hens during laying, contaminated bedding, or contamination during transportation, handling or storage (Abdel‐Maksoud et al., 2015; Hosseininezhad et al., 2020; Merati & Boudra, 2023). Furthermore, like other studies, the amount of Salmonella contamination in backyard eggs was higher than in commercial eggs (1.3% and 0.7%, respectively).…”