Detecting multi‐scale riverine topographic variability and its influence on Chinook salmon habitat selection

Duffin, J.; Carmichael, Richard A.; Yager, E.; Benjankar, Rohan; Tonina, Daniele

doi:10.1002/esp.5077

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Undulating bed relief, in the form of riffle-pool sequences, is thought to be a fundamental attribute of cobble-gravel alluvial rivers providing hydraulic, sedimentary and water quality characteristics needed for Chinook salmon spawning [17,133]. Variation in bed elevation and inundation width is a fundamental attribute of alluvial river morphology [17,[134][135][136][137], with linkages between channel morphology and fish habitat utilization [17,138]. Key geometric aspects include determining the spacing, length, width, and depth of riffle-pool sequences.…”

Section: Pool-riffle Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeomorphic Scaling and Ecohydraulics for Designing Rescaled Channel and Floodplain Geometry in Regulated Gravel–Cobble Bed Rivers for Pacific Salmon Habitat

Brown

2022

Water

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Societies are increasingly restoring and/or rehabilitating rivers below dams for keystone species such as salmon. A fundamental concept for rehabilitating river morphology below dams for salmon is that a rescaled version of the river corridor synchronized to the regulated flow regime can restore habitat quantity and quality. Downscaled and resized hydrographs have been shown to provide environmental benefits to fish communities including salmon as well as riparian vegetation communities. However, less research exists on how this can be achieved through the topographic rescaling of heavily modified and regulated river corridors. The goal of this paper is to review analytical methods to determine initial of size of rescaled channel and floodplain mesohabitat units in regulated gravel–cobble bed rivers for Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) habitat using hydrogeomorphic scaling and ecohydraulics. Hydrogeomorphic flow scaling is the prediction of river morphology and geometry using empirical and analytical relationships. Ecohydraulic scaling refers to the use of ecohydrology, habitat suitability curves, and fish density relationships to determine the size of mesohabitat units for ecologically relevant flows. In practice, these are complimentary first order estimates of channel and floodplain configurations followed by iterative design in a hierarchical manner. This review advances the science of river design by synthesizing these complimentary ideologies for Pacific salmon habitat restoration in regulated rivers. Following the review, the layout of features is briefly discussed followed by a discussion of important considerations beyond the physical and topographic rescaling of river corridors for salmonid habitat restoration.

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Section: Pool-riffle Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeomorphic Scaling and Ecohydraulics for Designing Rescaled Channel and Floodplain Geometry in Regulated Gravel–Cobble Bed Rivers for Pacific Salmon Habitat

Brown

2022

Water

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“…aerial images and maps) of rivers and floodplains are desirable because they can depict lateral, longitudinal and vertical heterogeneity. However, to scale up and view spatial patterns over tens of kilometres and across entire stream networks it may be necessary to convert higher‐dimensional data to points, line segments or 1D profiles, so they can be displayed cartographically or plotted graphically (Fonstad & Marcus, 2010; Duffin et al ., 2021). In reviewing riverscape approaches, we focus on longitudinal patterns (e.g.…”

Section: Concepts and Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…‘Focal patch’ studies – sampling potential functional habitat patches previously mapped based on environmental variables – allow optimized sampling effort across scales (Brennan et al ., 2002). High‐scope surveys of spawning habitat provide information on the relative influence of local habitat characteristics and spatial processes to inform the selection of index reaches that can be sampled to evaluate long‐term trends in population size (Isaak et al ., 2007; Duffin et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Applications In Research and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverscape approaches in practice: perspectives and applications

et al. 2021

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Landscape perspectives in riverine ecology have been undertaken increasingly in the last 30 years, leading aquatic ecologists to develop a diverse set of approaches for conceptualizing, mapping and understanding ‘riverscapes’. Spatiotemporally explicit perspectives of rivers and their biota nested within the socio‐ecological landscape now provide guiding principles and approaches in inland fisheries and watershed management. During the last two decades, scientific literature on riverscapes has increased rapidly, indicating that the term and associated approaches are serving an important purpose in freshwater science and management. We trace the origins and theoretical foundations of riverscape perspectives and approaches and examine trends in the published literature to assess the state of the science and demonstrate how they are being applied to address recent challenges in the management of riverine ecosystems. We focus on approaches for studying and visualizing rivers and streams with remote sensing, modelling and sampling designs that enable pattern detection as seen from above (e.g. river channel, floodplain, and riparian areas) but also into the water itself (e.g. aquatic organisms and the aqueous environment). Key concepts from landscape ecology that are central to riverscape approaches are heterogeneity, scale (resolution, extent and scope) and connectivity (structural and functional), which underpin spatial and temporal aspects of study design, data collection and analysis. Mapping of physical and biological characteristics of rivers and floodplains with high‐resolution, spatially intensive techniques improves understanding of the causes and ecological consequences of spatial patterns at multiple scales. This information is crucial for managing river ecosystems, especially for the successful implementation of conservation, restoration and monitoring programs. Recent advances in remote sensing, field‐sampling approaches and geospatial technology are making it increasingly feasible to collect high‐resolution data over larger scales in space and time. We highlight challenges and opportunities and discuss future avenues of research with emerging tools that can potentially help to overcome obstacles to collecting, analysing and displaying these data. This synthesis is intended to help researchers and resource managers understand and apply these concepts and approaches to address real‐world problems in freshwater management.

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“…The field data collected for this study could be used to explore alternative sub-reach topographic variability attributes and their linkages to landscape properties and channel response potential. These attributes could range from standard deviation of channel depth and width to more complex measures of longitudinal variance and covariance (e.g., Pasternack et al, 2018) or continuous multi-scale wavelet analysis (Duffin et al, 2021). However, assessment of sub-reach scale variability is constrained in our dataset to evenly spaced transects, and higher resolution channel topography would be needed to more fully consider the importance of variability.…”

Section: Field Observations In the Context Of Past Studies And Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel‐reach morphology and landscape properties are linked across a large heterogeneous region

Lane

Guillon

Byrne

et al. 2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Given the complex array of processes influencing river networks, conceptual frameworks of rivers are critical to our understanding of channel processes and response potential as well as restoration efforts. Yet despite their wide usage, many classifications are based on limited observations over homogenous landscapes, raising questions about their general applicability and quantitative thresholds. Leveraging a large, transect-based morphological field dataset across California, USA, we use data-driven methods to evaluate multivariate patterns in channel morphology and linkages with landscape properties considering a diversity of physioclimatic settings. Emergent patterns highlight the variability in channel form observed across an extensive dataset over heterogeneous but spatially linked watersheds. In general, identified dominant channel attributes and landscape properties align with established channel types defined through expert judgement, but key differences also emerge. Similar to past studies, bed sediment composition and sub-reach depth variability were discriminating channel attributes. The dominance of landscape properties associated with sediment supply or transport capacity suggests that morphological diversity largely reflects these differences as posited by prior classifications. Results also show some channel forms to be largely independent of valley confinement, with several channel bedforms and dominant grain sizes occurring across valley settings. This data analysis study demonstrates the utility of considering channel reaches and landscapes as multidimensional features to elucidate and test established geomorphic understanding over large field datasets.

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Detecting multi‐scale riverine topographic variability and its influence on Chinook salmon habitat selection

Cited by 11 publications

References 61 publications

Hydrogeomorphic Scaling and Ecohydraulics for Designing Rescaled Channel and Floodplain Geometry in Regulated Gravel–Cobble Bed Rivers for Pacific Salmon Habitat

Hydrogeomorphic Scaling and Ecohydraulics for Designing Rescaled Channel and Floodplain Geometry in Regulated Gravel–Cobble Bed Rivers for Pacific Salmon Habitat

Riverscape approaches in practice: perspectives and applications

Channel‐reach morphology and landscape properties are linked across a large heterogeneous region

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