Detecting Incomplete Effort on the MMPI-2: An Examination of the Fake-Bad Scale in Mild Head Injury

Ross, Scott R.; Millis, Scott R.; Krukowski, Rebecca A.; Putnam, Steven H.; Adams, Kenneth M.

doi:10.1076/jcen.26.1.115.23933

Cited by 69 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Of those cases, 8.5% scored in the range from 23 to 28 (inclusive) and only 1.2% scored greater than 28. The results from a combined sample of 77 patients with moderate-severe TBI (Greve et al 2006a, b;Ross et al 2004) without external incentive were the same (see Table 2 for details). Similar findings have been reported in patients with objectively documented epilepsy (53 patients with medically intractable epilepsy; Nelson et al 2006; exact scores provided courtesy of Nat Nelson).…”

Section: Concerns About "False Positives"mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…There is variability in the specific scores examined in particular studies. There are also studies that report classification accuracy data for a range of FBS scores (e.g., Bianchini et al 2008;Greiffenstein et al 2004;Greve et al 2006a, b;Larrabee 2003;Ross et al 2004). As research has progressed, the FBS score range considered to be consistent with malingering has risen.…”

Section: An Erroneous Conceptual Foundation For the F Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sample, about three times as many patients with mild TBI were positive at each cutoff compared to moderate-severe TBI patients Table 3). The injury severity effect was also examined in a combined TBI sample using data from Greve et al (2006a, b), Larrabee (2003), and Ross et al (2004) in which injury severity was defined on the basis of multiple acute clinical characteristics (e.g., length of loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia, radiologic findings) rather than just GCS. Table 3 shows the rate of positive FBS scores continued to be significantly higher in the mild TBI group.…”

Section: Concerns About "False Positives"mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The MMPI-2 Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) Is an Empirically Validated Measure of Overreporting in Personal Injury Litigants and Claimants: Reply to Butcher et al. (2008)

Ben‐Porath

Greve

Bianchini

et al. 2009

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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We address issues raised by Butcher et al. (Psychological Injury and the Law 1:191-209, 2008) in their critique of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) and show that their analyses and conclusions are based on faulty premises, a misunderstanding of basic concepts in the assessment of overreporting, a selective review of the literature and mischaracterization of the findings they do cite, problematic analyses of a dataset that had already been similarly analyzed, and a flawed analysis of a legal case they discuss. We complement the review of existing research with some new findings that provide further empirical support and clarification of current interpretive recommendations for proper use of the FBS in evaluations of personal injury litigants and claimants. purport to explore potential bias in Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-2 assessments using the Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) 1 . They consider issues related to the item content of the scale, methods used to identify malingering in FBS studies, evidence of the reliability and validity of the scale, and questions about recommended cutoffs for FBS interpretation. also seek to present evidence of the false positive rate of the FBS in two samples of individuals they believe to be at risk for mischaracterization as "malingerers" based on scores on the scale. Finally, they discuss the results of a recent Frye hearing in Florida, following which a trial judge excluded testimony based on FBS.In this rebuttal, we address the issues raised by and show that their analyses and conclusions are based on faulty premises, a misunderstanding of basic concepts in the assessment of overreporting, a selective review of the literature and mischaracterization of the findings they do cite, problematic analyses of a dataset (Butcher et al. 2003) that had already been similarly analyzed, and an incomplete analysis of a court case they discuss. Before turning to the more specific problems with Butcher et al.'s (2008) critique, we begin with a discussion and illustration of basic conceptual flaws in their article.

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Section: Concerns About "False Positives"mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: An Erroneous Conceptual Foundation For the F Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concerns About "False Positives"mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The MMPI-2 Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) Is an Empirically Validated Measure of Overreporting in Personal Injury Litigants and Claimants: Reply to Butcher et al. (2008)

Ben‐Porath

Greve

Bianchini

et al. 2009

Psychol. Inj. and Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Secondly, if an embedded SVT is able to predict PVT failure, it may save providers from administering a time-consuming and costly neuropsychological assessment that is uninterpretable. In a Veteran sample with various neurological conditions and mild to severe TBI, as well as in a civilian sample of mTBI only, various SVTs (i.e., validity scales of the MMPI-2) significantly predicted PVT failure [34][35]. However, in Veterans with a history of mTBI only, other SVTs (various subscales of the PAI) did not significantly predict PVT failure, whereas VA service connection and a previous diagnosis of depression did [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Postconcussive symptom overreporting in Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury

et al. 2016

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Abstract-A comprehensive evaluation, including the assessment of neurobehavioral symptoms, has been instituted at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system to address the large number of Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) Veterans returning with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs). The Validity-10 is a measure of symptom overreporting embedded within the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, a component of the comprehensive evaluation that assesses postconcussive symptom severity. The Validity-10 is composed of 10 unlikely/low-frequency items and a validated cutoff score to identify postconcussive symptom overreporting. We examined the items and cutoff used in the initial development and validation study of the Validity-10 through retrospective chart reviews of 331 treatment-seeking Veterans who sustained an mTBI. The Validity-10 exhibited significant relationships with psychiatric variables, VA service connection, and neuropsychological performance validity (all p < 0.01), but nonsignificant relationships with demographic and injury variables (all p > 0.05). Furthermore, the Validity-10 modestly predicted neuropsychological performance validity test failure over and above psychiatric comorbidities and VA service connection. The present study supports the use of the Validity-10 to assess symptom validity in treatment-seeking OIF/OEF Veterans with a history of mTBI.

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“…B. [7,25]), steht hierzulande die Forschung dazu praktisch am Anfang. Eine Intensivierung darauf gerichteter Untersuchungen käme in jedem Falle einem erheblichen praktischen Bedarf an Validitätsindikatoren nach, welche wiederum direkten Einfluss auf die Validität gutachterlicher Entscheidungen nehmen.…”

Section: Tab 4 Korrelationen Zwischen Den Persönlichkeitsskalen Des unclassified

Über die Validität von Persönlichkeitsprofilen in der nervenärztlichen Begutachtung

et al. 2007

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Although symptom validity tests have become available to German test users during the last few years, there is very little research into measures of negative response bias in personality assessment. The present study investigates the effects of negative response bias as measured by the Word Memory Test (WMT) and the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) on self-report personality scales. A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 93 patients who had undergone neuropsychiatric assessment in the context of independent medical examination. Complete data sets were available for the WMT, the SIMS, and the Freiburg Personality Inventory-Revised (FPI-R). Significant differences were found for a number of personality scales, depending on WMT and SIMS classification. The FPI-R validity scale (Openness) was linked to neither WMT nor SIMS, whereas the results in the latter two instruments showed a significant overlap of classification results (phi=0.44). A principal axis analysis yielded corresponding results. It is concluded that self-report personality measures may be considerably distorted by negative response bias. FPI-R Openness scale scores do not allow any interpretation in terms of negative response bias. More effort should be directed in German-speaking countries towards the development and validation of appropriate validity scales.

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Detecting Incomplete Effort on the MMPI-2: An Examination of the Fake-Bad Scale in Mild Head Injury

Cited by 69 publications

References 31 publications

The MMPI-2 Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) Is an Empirically Validated Measure of Overreporting in Personal Injury Litigants and Claimants: Reply to Butcher et al. (2008)

The MMPI-2 Symptom Validity Scale (FBS) Is an Empirically Validated Measure of Overreporting in Personal Injury Litigants and Claimants: Reply to Butcher et al. (2008)

Postconcussive symptom overreporting in Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury

Über die Validität von Persönlichkeitsprofilen in der nervenärztlichen Begutachtung

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