Detecting eye position and gaze from a single camera and 2 light sources

Morimoto, Carlos H.; Amir, Arnon; Flickner, Myron

doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1047459

Cited by 81 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A simple method for estimating eye gaze under free head movement, and without calibration is suggested by Morimoto et al [Morimoto et al 2002]. They use one camera and two IR light sources : one light source is used to generate the bright pupil image, and the other one is used to generate the dark pupil image.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A robust 3D eye gaze tracking system using noise reduction

Chen

Tong

Gray

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &Amp; Applications - ETRA '08

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This paper describes a novel real-time 3D gaze estimation system. The system consists of two cameras and two IR light sources. There are three novelties in this method. First, in our system, two IR lights are mounted near the centers of the stereo cameras, respectively. Based on this specific configuration, the 3D position of the corneal center can be simply derived by the 3D reconstruction technique. Then, after extracting the 3D position of the "virtual pupil" correctly, the optical axis of the eye can be obtained directly by connecting the "virtual pupil" with the corneal center. Second, we systematically analyze the noise in our 3D gaze estimation algorithm and propose an effective constraint to reduce this noise. Third, to estimate the user-dependent parameters (i.e. the constraint parameters and the eye parameters), a simple calibration method is proposed by gazing at four positions on the screen. Experimental results show that our system can accurately estimate and track eye gaze under natural head movement.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several techniques have been proposed to estimate the 3D direction of gaze directly, such as [Zhu and Ji 2007], [Morimoto et al 2002], [Beymer and Flickner 2003], [Wang and Sung 2002], [Shih and Liu 2004], [Guestrin and Eizenman 2006].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust 3D eye gaze tracking system using noise reduction

Chen

Tong

Gray

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &Amp; Applications - ETRA '08

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show abstract

“…Remote user independent gaze tracking is the cutting edge of gaze interaction research with two main challenges: to eliminate the need of calibration per user and tolerate head motion [12][13][14]. Most advanced remote trackers do require a per-user calibration and only a few calibration free gaze trackers [15][16][17][18] have been shown to work in laboratory conditions but never in the field.…”

Section: The Intelligent Shop Window Demonstratormentioning

confidence: 99%

How Not to Become a Buffoon in Front of a Shop Window: A Solution Allowing Natural Head Movement for Interaction with a Public Display

Mubin

Lashina

Loenen

2009

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2009

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Abstract. The user interaction solution described in this paper was developed in the context of an Intelligent Shop Window (ISW) with an aim to offer a user the interaction solution where system response would be triggered by naturally gazing at products. We have analyzed a possibility to realize such a user interaction solution using gaze tracking and concluded that remote calibration free eye tracking is still a subject of academic research, but that head tracking could be used instead. We argue that conventional use of head tracking requires conscious intentional head movements and thus does not fit into the context of applications such as the ISW. We further describe our experiment aimed to explore how head movements relate to eye movements when looking at objects in a shop window context. We show large variability in head movement and that per individual the gaze-head data could well be approximated with a straight line. Based on these results we propose a new solution that enables natural gaze interaction by means of head tracking.

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“…It was proved in the literature [1] that in order to obtain the 3-D gaze direction, the gaze tracking system contains at least two cameras. But there are still documents discuss the method of estimating the 3-D gaze direction that bases on single camera system [2,3,4]. The current single camera single source system has no yet achieved the 3-D gaze estimation, methods rely more on priori eye parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of Iris Radius in Single Camera and Single Light Gaze Tracking System

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Hu³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Information Systems

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Abstract-In a single camera single source gaze tracking system, if we can accurately estimate the 3-D coordinates of the iris center and the center of corneal surface curvature, we can reconstruct 3-D gaze direction. A novel method is proposed in this paper, different from other gaze tracking systems, the user calibration in this paper is the calibration of the iris radius, corneal curvature radius and kappa angle. Through the simulation experiments, the feasibility of the algorithm proposed in this paper is analyzed, and the error of the algorithm is relatively small.

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Detecting eye position and gaze from a single camera and 2 light sources

Cited by 81 publications

References 6 publications

A robust 3D eye gaze tracking system using noise reduction

A robust 3D eye gaze tracking system using noise reduction

How Not to Become a Buffoon in Front of a Shop Window: A Solution Allowing Natural Head Movement for Interaction with a Public Display

Calibration of Iris Radius in Single Camera and Single Light Gaze Tracking System

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