Detecting early signs of environmental degradation in protected areas: An example of Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, China

Wang, Lizhu; Pan, Yangdong; Cao, Yong; Li, Bo; Wang, Quanxi; Wang, Beixin; Pang, Wanting; Zhang, Jie; Zhu, Zhongfu; Deng, Guiping

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.03.080

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We used three datasets with total of 54 sites comprising stream insects sampled from different‐sized regions in China: Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve (JZG; 643 km 2 ), Tiaoxi River Basin (TX; 4,100 km 2 ), and Qiantang River Basin (QT; 55,000 km 2 ) (Figure ). For the first dataset (hereafter referred to as the JZG dataset), we collected 18 sites within one stream (Wang et al, ). For the second dataset (TX dataset), we collected one site in each of 18 streams.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples (each sample with 30-s kicking) were applied to various habitats (e.g., riffles, runs, pools, and dead woods) along a 100m reach or the wadeable areas. The number of samples was similar at each site in TX and in QT (Wang et al, 2012) but differed among sites (ranged from 5 to 10) in JZG (Wang et al, 2018). Samples referred to here as "sample units" and were combined into one composite sample at each site.…”

Section: Biotic Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metacommunity Structure of Stream Insects across Three Hierarchical Spatial scales

Soininen

Deng³

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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A major challenge in community ecology is to understand the underlying factors driving metacommunity (i.e., a set of local communities connected through species dispersal) dynamics. However, little is known about the effects of varying spatial scale on the relative importance of environmental and spatial (i.e., dispersal related) factors in shaping metacommunities and on the relevance of different dispersal pathways. Using a hierarchy of insect metacommunities at three spatial scales (a small, within‐stream scale, intermediate, among‐stream scale, and large, among‐sub‐basin scale), we assessed whether the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors shaping metacommunity structure varies predictably across spatial scales, and tested how the importance of different dispersal routes vary across spatial scales. We also studied if different dispersal ability groups differ in the balance between environmental and spatial control. Variation partitioning showed that environmental factors relative to spatial factors were more important for community composition at the within‐stream scale. In contrast, spatial factors (i.e., eigenvectors from Moran's eigenvector maps) relative to environmental factors were more important at the among‐sub‐basin scale. These results indicate that environmental filtering is likely to be more important at the smallest scale with highest connectivity, while dispersal limitation seems to be more important at the largest scale with lowest connectivity. Community variation at the among‐stream and among‐sub‐basin scales were strongly explained by geographical and topographical distances, indicating that overland pathways might be the main dispersal route at the larger scales among more isolated sites. The relative effect of environmental and spatial factors on insect communities varied between low and high dispersal ability groups; this variation was inconsistent among three hierarchical scales. In sum, our study indicates that spatial scale, connectivity, and dispersal ability jointly shape stream metacommunities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biotic Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metacommunity Structure of Stream Insects across Three Hierarchical Spatial scales

Soininen

Deng³

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Renowned for its picturesque natural landscape, Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve is an important karst scenic area in South China Karst, attracting tens of thousands of domestic and foreign tourists every year [10]. Inside the area scatter various karst lakes, whose crystal clear water, in combination with the travertine sediments and algae at the bottom, gives rise to a distinctive blue-green color lake landscape [11]. However, there is limited research on the reasons for the formation of the blue color of those lakes and the potential influence of water quality changes over the colors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Color Formation Mechanism of the Blue Karst Lakes in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China

Zhang

Xiao

et al. 2020

Water

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The karst lakes in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve are an integral part of the karst lake landscape, yet research on the formation mechanism for the color of the blue-green lakes in Jiuzhaigou is insufficient. With the help of hyperspectral instruments, coupled with hydro-chemical analysis, this paper elaborates on the unique color characteristics of the Jiuzhaigou karst lakes, delves into the color formation mechanism of the lakes, establishes a regression equation for the color of the lakes as well as the water quality parameters, and sheds light upon the causes for the color distinction between the karst lakes in Jiuzhaigou and the plateau freshwater lakes. The experiment shows that the Jiuzhaigou karst lakes are primarily blue and green, while the proportion of short-wavelength light in the normalized water-leaving radiance and the total incident irradiance of lake water is higher. Based on the redundancy analysis and the correlation analysis, travertine deposition is the core link in the color formation of the blue karst lakes in Jiuzhaigou, while the selective reflection and scattering of the suspended calcium carbonate particulate matters towards visible light represents the optical foundation for the formation. In addition, physical factors such as depth and transparency, changes to the water quality parameters that affect the travertine deposition rate, and the eutrophication process will all exert significant influence over the formation. By building on water-leaving radiance, this paper quantifies the lake color with the tristimulus values (R, G, B) via colorimetrical methods, which features solid goodness of fit with the linear regression equation established based on the water quality parameters. The principal component analysis and colorimetrical analysis show that the color of the karst lakes in Jiuzhaigou varies substantially from that of the plateau freshwater lakes, which mainly results from the difference in the water quality. Research conducted in this paper on the color formation mechanism of the distinct blue karst lakes in Jiuzhaigou illuminates the formation and maintenance mechanism of the plateau karst lakes, which is conducive to better understanding towards the relationship between the water quality and colors of the karst lakes, and provides scientific proof for the establishment of the water quality assessment indicator system based on the colors of the karst lakes.

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“…The ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita calculated by the two models were mostly consistently at the same level (more than 68%), which indicated that the ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita of the two models followed the same rule. The EF-NPP model can reflect the change in the global climate, the degradation of the soil, and the progress of the technology.Sustainability 2019, 11, 2 2 of 16 of nature reserves have been developed for tourism, planting, or breeding industries, and local communities have continuously eroded the land of nature reserves [9][10][11]. This pressure greatly exceeds the ecological carrying capacity, which is an ecological concept that assumes that a limited number of individuals can be supported at a given level of consumption wherein the environment is not degraded [12], causing great damage to the main targets of protection and the resources and environment in these areas [13].One way to estimate human demand compared to an ecosystem's carrying capacity is "ecological footprint" accounting [14][15][16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustainability 2019, 11, 2 2 of 16 of nature reserves have been developed for tourism, planting, or breeding industries, and local communities have continuously eroded the land of nature reserves [9][10][11]. This pressure greatly exceeds the ecological carrying capacity, which is an ecological concept that assumes that a limited number of individuals can be supported at a given level of consumption wherein the environment is not degraded [12], causing great damage to the main targets of protection and the resources and environment in these areas [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Ecological Footprint Model in National Nature Reserve Based on Net Primary Production (NPP)

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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An increasing number of nature reserves are being invaded by various development and construction activities, such as energy, resources, and transportation facilities. The ecological footprint model, which enables a quantitative assessment of ecological sustainability, can assess whether human consumption at various spatial scales falls within the regenerative capacity of the biosphere. Based on the traditional ecological footprint evaluation model: the Global Agro-Ecological Zone (EF-GAEZ model), this study proposes an improved ecological footprint model based on net primary productivity (EF-NPP model) and its validations. In this study, the status of ecological footprints and the ecological carrying capacities of 319 national nature reserves in 2010 is explored, and the changes in ecological surpluses and ecological deficits from 2000 to 2010 are analyzed. The ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita calculated by the two models were mostly consistently at the same level (more than 68%), which indicated that the ecological footprint per capita and the ecological carrying capacity per capita of the two models followed the same rule. The EF-NPP model can reflect the change in the global climate, the degradation of the soil, and the progress of the technology.Sustainability 2019, 11, 2 2 of 16 of nature reserves have been developed for tourism, planting, or breeding industries, and local communities have continuously eroded the land of nature reserves [9][10][11]. This pressure greatly exceeds the ecological carrying capacity, which is an ecological concept that assumes that a limited number of individuals can be supported at a given level of consumption wherein the environment is not degraded [12], causing great damage to the main targets of protection and the resources and environment in these areas [13].One way to estimate human demand compared to an ecosystem's carrying capacity is "ecological footprint" accounting [14][15][16]. The ecological footprint is an accounting system of indicators based on the context that the Earth has a finite amount of biological production that supports all life on it [17]. Accounting for the ecological footprint is a non-monetized ecosystem assessment tool and a significant international biophysical method for distinguishing the level of development in recent years [18][19][20]. Bioproductive space has been used as a synonym for the renewable capacity of the Earth's ecosystem to measure the flow of energy into and out of the socioeconomic system, thereby characterizing the interdependence and supportive relation between human society and nature [21]. The ecological footprint could be used to express the space equivalents-individuals or countries occupying bioproductive areas [22]. The idea of this concept is to compare the area needed to support a certain lifestyle with the available area, thus providing a tool to assess whether the consumption is ecologically sustainable [23].The ecological footprint model can assess whether human consumpt...

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Detecting early signs of environmental degradation in protected areas: An example of Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, China

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Metacommunity Structure of Stream Insects across Three Hierarchical Spatial scales

Metacommunity Structure of Stream Insects across Three Hierarchical Spatial scales

The Color Formation Mechanism of the Blue Karst Lakes in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China

Improvement of Ecological Footprint Model in National Nature Reserve Based on Net Primary Production (NPP)

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