Detecting “different”: Pyrin senses modified GTPases

Zoete, Marcel R. de; Flavell, Richard A.

doi:10.1038/cr.2014.101

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…TRIM21-IgG binding coordinates complex immune responses, including pathogen restriction and innate immune signaling, in a mechanism termed antibody-dependent intracellular neutralization (ADIN) (45,46). the domain plays in the function of butyrophilins (36)(37)(38)(39). In these TRIM molecules, the B30.…”

Section: Tripartite Motif Molecules In Cell-autonomous Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Immunity by Butyrophilins

Rhodes

Reith

Trowsdale

2016

Annu. Rev. Immunol.

133

137

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Butyrophilin molecules (commonly contracted to BTN), collectively take their name from the eponymous protein in cow's milk. They are considered to be members of the B7 family of costimulatory receptors, which includes B7.1 (CD80), B7.2 (CD86), and related molecules, such as PD-L1 (B7-H1, CD274), ICOS-L (CD275), and B7-H3 (CD276). These coreceptors modulate T cell responses upon antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex and cognate αβ T cell receptor engagement. Molecules such as BTN3A1 (CD277), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, and mouse Skint1 and Btnl2, all members of the butyrophilin family, show greater structural and functional diversity than the canonical B7 receptors. Some butyrophilins mediate complex interactions between antigen-presenting cells and conventional αβ T cells, and others regulate the immune responses of specific γδ T cell subsets by mechanisms that have characteristics of both innate and adaptive immunity.

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Section: Tripartite Motif Molecules In Cell-autonomous Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Immunity by Butyrophilins

Rhodes

Reith

Trowsdale

2016

Annu. Rev. Immunol.

133

137

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“…The function of the Rho GTPases is to activate the actin cytoskeleton, a critical step in several host defense mechanisms, and therefore, these molecular switches are attractive molecular targets for pathogenic bacteria. Since modifi ed Rho GTPases do not bind pyrin [ 75 ], pyrin must sense toxin-induced Rho GTPase inactivation in some indirect way, similar to innate immune detection systems in plants [ 20 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Non-mutated Pyrin In Il-1β Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis

Chae¹,

Kastner²

2015

Rare Diseases of the Immune System

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“…Canonical inflammasomes are composed of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors (PRR), which include NLRs, absent in melanoma 2 (AIM-2)-like receptors (ALRs), adapter protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and pro-caspase-1 (109,110). Numerous canonical inflammasomes have been recognized in pyroptosis including NLRP1, NLRP3, AIM2, NLRC4, and Pyrin inflammasomes (111)(112)(113)(114)(115)(116).…”

Section: Pyroptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophils: Many Ways to Die

et al. 2021

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Neutrophils or polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are key participants in the innate immune response for their ability to execute different effector functions. These cells express a vast array of membrane receptors that allow them to recognize and eliminate infectious agents effectively and respond appropriately to microenvironmental stimuli that regulate neutrophil functions, such as activation, migration, generation of reactive oxygen species, formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, and mediator secretion, among others. Currently, it has been realized that activated neutrophils can accomplish their effector functions and simultaneously activate mechanisms of cell death in response to different intracellular or extracellular factors. Although several studies have revealed similarities between the mechanisms of cell death of neutrophils and other cell types, neutrophils have distinctive properties, such as a high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), that are important for their effector function in infections and pathologies such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies, influencing their cell death mechanisms. The present work offers a synthesis of the conditions and molecules implicated in the regulation and activation of the processes of neutrophil death: apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis, NETosis, and necrosis. This information allows to understand the duality encountered by PMNs upon activation. The effector functions are carried out to eliminate invading pathogens, but in several instances, these functions involve activation of signaling cascades that culminate in the death of the neutrophil. This process guarantees the correct elimination of pathogenic agents, damaged or senescent cells, and the timely resolution of the inflammation that is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in the organism. In addition, they alert the organism when the immunological system is being deregulated, promoting the activation of other cells of the immune system, such as B and T lymphocytes, which produce cytokines that potentiate the microbicide functions.

show abstract

Detecting “different”: Pyrin senses modified GTPases

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Regulation of Immunity by Butyrophilins

Regulation of Immunity by Butyrophilins

Pathogenesis

Neutrophils: Many Ways to Die

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