Detecting dark matter subhalos with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope

Pardo, Kris; Doré, O.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.103531

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Two space-based observatories, the visible to near-infrared Euclid (Racca et al 2016;Euclid Collaboration et al 2022b) and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (formerly WFIRST; Akeson et al 2019), are set to begin observations within the next 5 yr. The unprecedented combination of survey area, depth, spatial resolution, and low sky background of these surveys will be able to deliver precise astrometric measurements for faint sources (WFIRST Astrometry Working Group et al 2019), improved detection of linear structure of resolved stars (Pearson et al 2022), improved detection of extended low surface brightness structure (Euclid Collaboration et al 2022a), and competitive constraints on the MW's dark matter subhalo population via its microlensing signatures (Pardo & Doré 2021). These improvements will contribute significantly to our ability to discover and characterize the remaining dwarf galaxy population of the LG and to our understanding of the dark matter substructure which these galaxies inhabit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Search for Faint Resolved Galaxies Beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A New Faint, Diffuse Dwarf Satellite of NGC 55

McNanna,

Bechtol,

Mau

et al. 2024

ApJ

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We report results from a systematic wide-area search for faint dwarf galaxies at heliocentric distances from 0.3 to 2 Mpc using the full 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Unlike previous searches over the DES data, this search specifically targeted a field population of faint galaxies located beyond the Milky Way virial radius. We derive our detection efficiency for faint, resolved dwarf galaxies in the Local Volume with a set of synthetic galaxies and expect our search to be complete to M V ∼ (−7, −10) mag for galaxies at D = (0.3, 2.0) Mpc. We find no new field dwarfs in the DES footprint, but we report the discovery of one high-significance candidate dwarf galaxy at a distance of 2.2 − 0.12 + 0.05 Mpc , a potential satellite of the Local Volume galaxy NGC 55, separated by 47′ (physical separation as small as 30 kpc). We estimate this dwarf galaxy to have an absolute V-band magnitude of − 8.0 − 0.3 + 0.5 mag and an azimuthally averaged physical half-light radius of 2.2 − 0.4 + 0.5 kpc , making this one of the lowest surface brightness galaxies ever found with μ = 32.3 mag arcsec − 2 . This is the largest, most diffuse galaxy known at this luminosity, suggesting possible tidal interactions with its host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Search for Faint Resolved Galaxies Beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A New Faint, Diffuse Dwarf Satellite of NGC 55

McNanna,

Bechtol,

Mau

et al. 2024

ApJ

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“…The two images will be most similar in brightness when the projected lens-source separation is at its minimum. The planned Roman exoplanet (astrometric) microlensing survey will be sensitive to PBHs Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter at the level of about 40% of the dark matter [156]. An astrometric microlensing survey conducted by Roman would complement LSST by breaking degeneracies between lensing mass and geometry, allowing for precise measurements of individual black hole masses, thereby measuring the black hole mass spectrum in the Milky Way halo [157].…”

Section: Roman Space Telescopementioning

confidence: 99%

Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper:Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter

Bird¹,

Albert²,

Dawson³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are a viable candidate to comprise some or all of the dark matter and provide a unique window into the high-energy physics of the early universe. This white paper discusses the scientific motivation, current status, and future reach of observational searches for PBHs. Future observational facilities supported by DOE, NSF, and NASA will provide unprecedented sensitivity to PBHs. However, devoted analysis pipelines and theoretical modeling are required to fully leverage these novel data. The search for PBHs constitutes a low-cost, high-reward science case with significant impact on the high energy physics community.

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“…A particularly well-suited signature that can be used to distinguish among dark matter models is the morphology and distribution of its substructure within dark matter halos. Some promising directions for inferring the properties of substructure include tidal streams (Ngan & Carlberg 2014;Bovy 2016;Carlberg 2016;Erkal et al 2016;Benito et al 2020;Shih et al 2021) and astrometric observations (Feldmann & Spolyar 2015;Sanderson et al 2016;Van Tilburg et al 2018;Mishra-Sharma et al 2020;Vattis et al 2020;Mishra-Sharma 2022;Pardo & Doré 2021). A particularly sensitive probe is strong gravitational lensing (Buckley & Peter 2018;Drlica-Wagner et al 2019;Simon et al 2019), to which we restrict ourselves in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domain Adaptation for Simulation-based Dark Matter Searches with Strong Gravitational Lensing

Alexander,

Gleyzer,

Parul

et al. 2023

ApJ

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The identity of dark matter has remained surprisingly elusive. While terrestrial experiments may be able to nail down a model, an alternative method is to identify dark matter based on astrophysical or cosmological signatures. A particularly sensitive approach is based on the unique signature of dark matter substructure in galaxy–galaxy strong lensing images. Machine-learning applications have been explored for extracting this signal. Because of the limited availability of high-quality strong lensing images, these approaches have exclusively relied on simulations. Due to the differences with the real instrumental data, machine-learning models trained on simulations are expected to lose accuracy when applied to real data. Here domain adaptation can serve as a crucial bridge between simulations and real data applications. In this work, we demonstrate the power of domain adaptation techniques applied to strong gravitational lensing data with dark matter substructure. We show with simulated data sets representative of Euclid and Hubble Space Telescope observations that domain adaptation can significantly mitigate the losses in the model performance when applied to new domains. Lastly, we find similar results utilizing domain adaptation for the problem of lens finding by adapting models trained on a simulated data set to one composed of real lensed and unlensed galaxies from the Hyper Suprime-Cam. This technique can help domain experts build and apply better machine-learning models for extracting useful information from the strong gravitational lensing data expected from the upcoming surveys.

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Detecting dark matter subhalos with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

A Search for Faint Resolved Galaxies Beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A New Faint, Diffuse Dwarf Satellite of NGC 55

A Search for Faint Resolved Galaxies Beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A New Faint, Diffuse Dwarf Satellite of NGC 55

Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper:Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter

Domain Adaptation for Simulation-based Dark Matter Searches with Strong Gravitational Lensing

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