“…According to Rust and Zahorik [1993] attracting new customers may be five times as costly as keeping existing ones. As Portela and Menezes [2011] revealed, customer retention became a buzzword in the 1990 s, mainly due to the work of Reichheld and Sasser [1990], who first evidenced its advantages [Carroll, 1992;Dowling, Uncles, 1997;East, Hammond, Gendall, 2006;Gupta, Zeithami, 2006;Reinartz, Kumar, 2000]. Although, their results did not converge in all respects, these works changed related marketing theories.…”