Detecting Attention Levels in ADHD Children with a Video Game and the Measurement of Brain Activity with a Single-Channel BCI Headset

Serrano-Barroso, Almudena; Šiugždaitė, Roma; Guerrero-Cubero, Jaime; Molina, Alberto; Gómez, I.; López, Juan Carlos; Vargas, Juan Pedro

doi:10.3390/s21093221

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Table 2 shows the articles that refer to the use of video games as an evaluation tool for the diagnosis of ADHD. Different video games have been designed to evaluate the presence and severity of ADHD nuclear symptoms ( 30 , 72 – 77 ), prospective memory ( 26 ), executive functions ( 78 ), stress ( 79 ), and prosocial behavior ( 80 ). Serious video games showed high sensitivity and specificity values ( 73 , 75 , 76 ), as well as a high correlation with CPT measurements ( 8 , 72 ) and measurements similar to neuropsychological tests ( 73 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serious Video Games: Angels or Demons in Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? A Quasi-Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo carry out a quasi-systematic review of the use of serious video games for health as a cognitive rehabilitative tool in patients diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.MethodA quasi-systematic review of serious video games used as an evaluative and rehabilitative tool in patients with ADHD was conducted. It included behavioral patterns in the use of video games and addiction problems in this population. For its elaboration the PRISMA GUIDES were followed. The search was carried out in three PubMed databases, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo using the keywords: [game OR serious game OR computer game) AND (psychotherapy OR rehabilitation OR intervention OR mental disorders) AND (adhd)], [(adhd) AND (Video game addiction)]. All articles written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese from January 1970 to June 2021 were included: those in which reference was made to the use of video games and/or new technologies as a therapeutic and evaluative tool in children and adults diagnosed with ADHD, as well as those that referred to behavioral and clinical patterns in the use of video games.ResultsWe found 605 articles of which 128 were reviewed (44 observational studies, 26 quasi-experimental studies, 26 experimental studies, 8 systematic reviews, 9 narrative texts, 6 case reports, 7 pilot studies, 8 systematic reviews, and 2 meta-analyses). Serious video games can be used to ameliorate ADHD symptoms while improving adherence to treatment. Some serious video games show high accuracy properties assessing ADHD features.ConclusionSerious video games for health are increasingly being used as a cognitive rehabilitation tool in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Systematic Review Registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42021247784].

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serious Video Games: Angels or Demons in Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? A Quasi-Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Second, there also exist works that have studied the effect of attention on power bands [ 39 ], and the use of the ratio between

—known as the Theta–Beta Ratio (TBR)—has also been reported as an indicator for attention deficit disorder (ADD) or hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in patients [ 40 ]. Several studies have shown the feasibility of using NM for measuring the attention level [ 41 ]. In [ 42 ], it was shown that there exists a positive correlation between the reported attention level of this device and the self-reported attention levels in an assessment exercise.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling a Mouse Pointer with a Single-Channel EEG Sensor

Molina

Castro-García

Gómez-Bravo

et al. 2021

Sensors

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(1) Goals: The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of using the information obtained from a one-channel electro-encephalography (EEG) signal to control a mouse pointer. We used a low-cost headset, with one dry sensor placed at the FP1 position, to steer a mouse pointer and make selections through a combination of the user’s attention level with the detection of voluntary blinks. There are two types of cursor movements: spinning and linear displacement. A sequence of blinks allows for switching between these movement types, while the attention level modulates the cursor’s speed. The influence of the attention level on performance was studied. Additionally, Fitts’ model and the evolution of the emotional states of participants, among other trajectory indicators, were analyzed. (2) Methods: Twenty participants distributed into two groups (Attention and No-Attention) performed three runs, on different days, in which 40 targets had to be reached and selected. Target positions and distances from the cursor’s initial position were chosen, providing eight different indices of difficulty (IDs). A self-assessment manikin (SAM) test and a final survey provided information about the system’s usability and the emotions of participants during the experiment. (3) Results: The performance was similar to some brain–computer interface (BCI) solutions found in the literature, with an averaged information transfer rate (ITR) of 7 bits/min. Concerning the cursor navigation, some trajectory indicators showed our proposed approach to be as good as common pointing devices, such as joysticks, trackballs, and so on. Only one of the 20 participants reported difficulty in managing the cursor and, according to the tests, most of them assessed the experience positively. Movement times and hit rates were significantly better for participants belonging to the attention group. (4) Conclusions: The proposed approach is a feasible low-cost solution to manage a mouse pointer.

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“…For both indexes, the computation algorithms are based on both temporal and frequency domains. According to [ 31 ], the exact algorithm for computation has not been published, but the manufacturer indicates that the Attention index emphasizes beta waves and the Meditation index emphasizes alpha bands. Here, the arousal axis is defined as the difference between Attention and Meditation (Attention – Meditation).…”

Section: Proposed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implementation and Evaluation of Individual Preference in Robot Facial Expression Based on Emotion Estimation Using Biological Signals

Sripian

Anuardi

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Recently, robot services have been widely applied in many fields. To provide optimum service, it is essential to maintain good acceptance of the robot for more effective interaction with users. Previously, we attempted to implement facial expressions by synchronizing an estimated human emotion on the face of a robot. The results revealed that the robot could present different perceptions according to individual preferences. In this study, we considered individual differences to improve the acceptance of the robot by changing the robot’s expression according to the emotion of its interacting partner. The emotion was estimated using biological signals, and the robot changed its expression according to three conditions: synchronized with the estimated emotion, inversely synchronized, and a funny expression. During the experiment, the participants provided feedback regarding the robot’s expression by choosing whether they “like” or “dislike” the expression. We investigated individual differences in the acceptance of the robot expression using the Semantic Differential scale method. In addition, logistic regression was used to create a classification model by considering individual differences based on the biological data and feedback from each participant. We found that the robot expression based on inverse synchronization when the participants felt a negative emotion could result in impression differences among individuals. Then, the robot’s expression was determined based on the classification model, and the Semantic Differential scale on the impression of the robot was compared with the three conditions. Overall, we found that the participants were most accepting when the robot expression was calculated using the proposed personalized method.

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Detecting Attention Levels in ADHD Children with a Video Game and the Measurement of Brain Activity with a Single-Channel BCI Headset

Cited by 30 publications

References 40 publications

Serious Video Games: Angels or Demons in Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? A Quasi-Systematic Review

Serious Video Games: Angels or Demons in Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? A Quasi-Systematic Review

Controlling a Mouse Pointer with a Single-Channel EEG Sensor

The Implementation and Evaluation of Individual Preference in Robot Facial Expression Based on Emotion Estimation Using Biological Signals

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