Detecting and Receiving Phase-Modulated Signals With a Rydberg Atom-Based Receiver

Holloway, Christopher L.; Simons, Matthew T.; Gordon, Joshua A.; Novotný, David

doi:10.1109/lawp.2019.2931450

Cited by 95 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…There is a slight dip in beat note signal strength when the probe laser frequency sits on the top of the AT peak. One advantage of having the vapor cell embedded inside the PPWG antenna (as opposed to having the LO and SIG transmitted from the same location as was done in [25] and [29]) is that it allows one to easily change the LO field at the atoms by varying the input power to the PPWG antenna. That is, the embedded sensor head allows one to easily vary the LO E-field to find the optimal value for the LO/SIG ratio in order to maximize the beat note signal strength.…”

Section: B Beat Note Signal From the Mixermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Embedding a Rydberg Atom-Based Sensor Into an Antenna for Phase and Amplitude Detection of Radio-Frequency Fields and Modulated Signals

et al. 2019

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We demonstrate a Rydberg atom-based sensor embedded in a parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG) for amplitude and phase detection of a radio-frequency (RF) electric field. This embedded atomic sensor is also capable of receiving modulated communications signals. In this configuration, the PPWG antenna serves two functions. First, the PPWG antenna acts as a source for a local oscillator (LO) field. The LO is required to use an atomic vapor cell (a glass cell containing a Rydberg atom vapor) as a Rydberg atom-based mixer, which detects the amplitude and phase of a second RF field incident from some remote location. The second function of the PPWG antenna is to capture the RF field arriving from a remote location and concentrate it at the location of the atomic vapor cell for detection. To demonstrate this, we show several examples of phase and amplitude measurements of an RF field with the embedded Rydberg-atom sensor. We also demonstrate the discrimination of the polarization of an RF field and the ability to receive phase-modulated carrier communications signals with this integrated atomic sensor. Embedding the atomic sensor in an antenna allows for the full characterization of a radio frequency field, in that the magnitude, phase, and polarization of an RF field can be measured with one compact integrated quantum-based sensor. Furthermore, the embedded sensor head allows one to easily vary the LO in order to maximize the ability to measure phase and amplitude of the field or modulated signal.

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Section: B Beat Note Signal From the Mixermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the configuration in Fig. 1 is for the case where both the LO and SIG are applied via the same horn [29], the LO and SIG can also be applied with two different horns [25]. The problem with both these configurations is that they require the LO to be transmitted alongside the SIG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedding a Rydberg Atom-Based Sensor Into an Antenna for Phase and Amplitude Detection of Radio-Frequency Fields and Modulated Signals

et al. 2019

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“…Song et al [15,16] investigated the feasibility of this atom-based receiver over a continuously tunable RF-carrier; the authors showed that the communication at a rate of 500 kbps can be reliably performed within a tunable bandwidth of 200 MHz near a 10.22 GHz carrier. Holloway et al [17] observed that the receiving system based on Rydberg atoms can detect and demodulate binary-phase-shift-keying (BPSK), quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM), and quadrature-phase-shift-keying (QPSK) signals. Due to numerous available resonant frequencies of the Rydberg states from 100 MHz to sub-THz, it is possible to achieve the broadband communication by changing the coupling frequency between RF E-field and the Rydberg States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Receiver by Utilizing Multiple Radio-Frequency Coupling at Rydberg States of Rubidium

Zou

Song

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Rydberg atoms have been extensively utilized in microwave measurement with high sensitivity, which has great potential in the field of communication. In this study, we discuss the digital communication based on a Rydberg atomic receiver under simultaneously coupling by resonant and near detuning microwaves. In addition, we verify the feasibility of the Rydberg atom-based frequency division multiplexing (FDM) in microwave communication. We demonstrate the principle and performance of the atom-based FDM receiver by applying amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM), respectively. To demonstrate the actual communication performance at different data transfer rates, we consider monochromatic images as an example. The experimental results show that the maximum acceptable data transfer rate of both AM and FM is about 200 kbps, whereas their maximum bit error rates (BER) is less than 5%. When compared with the traditional electronic receiver, this atomic receiver, which is compatible with FDM, has numerous advantages, such as small size, low power consumption, and high sensitivity. Furthermore, this receiver has a strong ability of anti-electromagnetic interference, and the signals transmitted do not interfere with each other in different channels.

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“…This Rydberg-atom based sensor can act as compact reciever/antenna, enabling quantum-based receivers to be used in communication applications to detect and receive modulated signals [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] . This has led to the new term "atom-radio" 26,29 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A Rydbergatom receiver has a bandwidth of about 1 MHz to 5 MHz 25,27,28,30 . This bandwidth limit is due to the time required to populate the atoms to a Rydberg state 25,27 . Since music is limited to 20 kHz in frequency, the Rydberg-atom based recorder can capture the full musical range of the instrument with high fidelity.…”

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A “real-time” guitar recording using Rydberg atoms and electromagnetically induced transparency: Quantum physics meets music

et al. 2019

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We demonstrate how Rydberg atoms and the phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency can be used to aid in the recording of a musical instrument in real time as it is played. Also, by using two different atomic species (cesium and rubidium) in the same vapor cell, we demonstrate the ability to record two guitars simultaneously, where each atomic species detects and allows for the recording of each guitar separately. The approach shows how audio data (the musical composition) can be detected with a quantum system, illustrating that due to the research over the past decade we can now control ensembles of atoms to such an extent that we can use them in this "entertaining" example of recording a musical instrument.Rydberg atoms are atoms with one or more electrons excited to a very high principal quantum number n 1 . These atoms have several useful properties that scale as n. They have very large dipole moments (that scale as n 2 ). Their polarizability scales as n 7 , and their lifetime scales as n 3 . The spacing between the Rydberg levels scales as 1/n 3 . Rydberg atoms have large range interactions between each other that scales as n 4 /R 3 (where R is the inter-atomic distance) and have a van der Waals interaction that scales as n 11 /R 6 . These various properties allow for a large array of applications and interesting physics. For example, (1) the large dipole moments make them sensitive to electric fields, making for good field sensors, (2) the long lifetimes could lead to the development of new laser sources, and (3) the large interaction lengths create the possibilities for qubits and highly-entangled cluster states, just to mention a few.Significant progress has been made in the development of radio frequency (RF) electric (E) field strength and power metrology techniques based on the large dipole moments associated with Rydberg states of alkali atomic vapor placed in glass cells 2-20 . In this approach, the concept of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is used for the E-field sensing, performed either when the RF field is on-resonance of a Rydberg transition (using Autler-Townes (AT) splitting) or off-resonance (using AC Stark shifts).This Rydberg-atom based sensor can act as compact reciever/antenna, enabling quantum-based receivers to be used in communication applications to detect and receive modulated signals 21-28 . This has led to the new term "atom-radio" 26,29 . Recently we extended the atom receiver to develop a Rydberg atom-based mixer that ala) Publication of the U.S. government, not subject to U.S. copyright. b) Electronic mail: christopher.holloway@nist.gov lows for the measurement of the phase of an RF wave 30 , which was the needed missing link for Rydberg atombased quantum sensors to be able to fully characterize the RF E-field in one compact vapor cell.In this paper we illustrate how this Rydberg-atom EITbased approach can be used as a means to both record (in real time) the output of a guitar (or any other musical instrument), and to listen to the output of a guitar...

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Detecting and Receiving Phase-Modulated Signals With a Rydberg Atom-Based Receiver

Cited by 95 publications

References 32 publications

Embedding a Rydberg Atom-Based Sensor Into an Antenna for Phase and Amplitude Detection of Radio-Frequency Fields and Modulated Signals

Embedding a Rydberg Atom-Based Sensor Into an Antenna for Phase and Amplitude Detection of Radio-Frequency Fields and Modulated Signals

Atomic Receiver by Utilizing Multiple Radio-Frequency Coupling at Rydberg States of Rubidium

A “real-time” guitar recording using Rydberg atoms and electromagnetically induced transparency: Quantum physics meets music

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