Detectability and annoyance of warning sounds for electric vehicles

Parizet, Étienne; Robart, Ryan; Chamard, Jean-Christophe; Schlittenlacher, Joseph; Pondrom, Perceval; Ellermeier, Wolfgang; Biancardi, Fabio; Janssens, Karl; Speed-Andrews, Paul; Cockram, James; Hatton, Gemma

doi:10.1121/1.4800182

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Factor E has a little more complex effect for Level 4 (Level 4 is not the most unpleasant and the most detectable). This analysis confirms the trade-off between detectability and unpleasantness that is mentioned in other studies (Parizet et al 2013;Lee et al 2017). Furthermore, an examination of the values of the different levels shows that the results are in accordance with previous studies: to be 'not unpleasant', the sound must resemble an ICE sound (A1), be low pitched (B1low frequency), be made of noise (C1no harmonic sound; see the whine index in Lee et al 2017) and with no modulation (F1); to be detectable, the sound must be high pitched (B4high frequency), with an harmonic content (A4, C4) and with modulation (F4).…”

Section: Analysis Of the Effect Of The Factorssupporting

confidence: 91%

An interactive bi-objective optimisation process to guide the design of electric vehicle warning sounds

et al. 2022

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Electric vehicles (EVs) are very quiet at low speed, which can be hazardous for pedestrians, especially visually impaired people. It is now mandatory (since mid-2019 in Europe) to add external warning sounds, but poor sound design can lead to noise pollution, and consequently annoyance. Moreover, it is possible that EVs are not sufficiently detectable in urban areas because of the masking effect from the background noise. In this paper, we propose a method for the design of warning sounds that takes into account both detectability and unpleasantness. The method implements a multiobjective interactive genetic algorithm (IGA) for the optimisation of the characteristics of synthesised sounds. An experiment is proposed to a first panel of participants in order to define a set of Pareto efficient sounds. At the individual level, sounds obtained with the IGA are compared to different sound design proposals. Results show that the quality of the sounds designed by the IGA method is comparable to those provided by a sound designer. From the sounds of the Pareto set, a design recommendation method based on the probability distributions of the sounds’ characteristics is proposed. An external validation with a second panel of participants shows that these recommended sounds constitute relevant trade-offs when compared to other design proposals.

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Section: Analysis Of the Effect Of The Factorssupporting

confidence: 91%

An interactive bi-objective optimisation process to guide the design of electric vehicle warning sounds

et al. 2022

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“…On the other side if the sound radiates equally in all directions the passing-by noise of a quiet vehicle can mask the sound coming from the following vehicle (Garcia, Haide, Boverie, 2013; Dubois, Baudet, Chamard, 2012). Several studies have proposed or compared different warning signal in terms of detection (Parizet et al, 2013; Robart, Parizet, Garcia, 2012; Voigt et al, 2011) one of them proposing a cross cultural experiments between German and Japanese subject (Yamauchi et al, 2012). Moreover in a study of Misdariis et al (2013) on the detection of several warning signals it was found out that reaction times are significantly and predominantly decreasing along the course of the experience (several days), meaning that a learning effect occurs.…”

Section: Ings Are Expected Introducing Lighter Vehicles (Olev 2013)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Vehicles and Urban Noise Control Policies

Maffei¹,

Masullo²

2015

Archives of Acoustics

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Limited Traffic Zone (LTZ) is a planning strategy that is more and more adopted by municipalities in Europe to improve their environmental conditions. It consists in the prohibition for traditional vehicles to circulate in specific areas. Although the main aim is to tackle air pollution problems, positive effects are registered in terms of reduction of noise annoyance and in terms of improved "quality of life" if specific conditions are respected. On the other side under the drive of the global market, the number of circulating electric vehicles in urban sites is also increasing. In the next years we expect to experience a new and not well-known urban soundscape.In this paper is presented an overview of recent urban projects and policies that deal with noise control and how these experiences will match into the next years with the sound characteristics of new electric vehicles for private and public transportation.

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“…Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid EVs (HEVs) have been described to be the most practicable solutions to substantially solve the problems in association with ICEVs [97]. At low speeds, an electric vehicle is very quiet and does not generate harmful emissions when compared to a gasoline or diesel-powered vehicle [98][99][100]. In the past few years, utilization of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) has considerably escalated due to the boosting damage in the global environment [101].…”

Section: Noise Harshness and Vibration Optimization Of Hybrid And Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on design optimization approaches of coupled-structural acoustic systems

Emül¹,

Ranjbar²

2018

JSEAM

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A survey on current design and optimization of coupled-structural acoustic systems (OCSAS) is presented. It reinforces different terminologies and methods in this field. General concepts are shortly defined, and literatures are reviewed for further investigation. Although surveys of optimization for coupled-structural acoustic systems are common, they are frequently incomplete in terms of extensive scope general applicability to engineering design. For instance, many surveys only target determined applications while others only mention the critical literature in the field. Outcomes are drawn that represent often-neglected ideas and applicability to engineering problems. It has been found that no single approach is outstanding. On the contrary, the selection of a determined method depends on the type of knowledge that is supplied in the problem, the user's preferences, the solution necessaries, etc. Also, new emerging research fields are introduced.

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Detectability and annoyance of warning sounds for electric vehicles

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

An interactive bi-objective optimisation process to guide the design of electric vehicle warning sounds

An interactive bi-objective optimisation process to guide the design of electric vehicle warning sounds

Electric Vehicles and Urban Noise Control Policies

A review on design optimization approaches of coupled-structural acoustic systems

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