Detecção de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici em sementes de tomateiro pelo método de papel de filtro com adição de restritores

Fusarium Species Responsible for Tomato Diseases and Mycotoxin Contamination and Biocontrol Opportunities

“…Fol was first described by Massee in 1985 in England [63] and was already documented in more than 30 countries [12,58,64], in several different environments and climates, from the dry and hot tropics up to the temperate climates [65], being the high temperatures and sandy and/or acidic soils the preferred conditions [66]. Currently, according to the tomato plant resistance genes that it overcomes, Fol comprises already three pathogenic races (race 1, race 2, race 3) [61], being expected a new race (race 4) until the end of 2023, considering the time observed between the appearance of two consecutive races [64].…”

“…Secondly, it is recommended to utilize effective irrigation systems such as drip irrigation. This approach prevents leaf sprinkling and excessive watering [30], which could potentially disperse the pathogen over greater distances [66]. Also, giving proper spacing between contiguous plants and doing a proper fertilization avoiding excessive nitrogen are wise [95,96].…”

“…Biological control of Fusarium diseases by means of action of nonpathogenic strains of F. oxysporum may be easier with its application in soil-less cultures of tomatoes than on soil cultures, considering the need of high mass-production of the antagonist and its incorporation in an appropriate formulation to be applied on several hectares [47]. Investing in sanitation is also important to limit the disease's spread and can be done, for example, removing and destroying infected plants and choosing seeds with high sanitary quality, since seeds may be vectors of the fungi at long distances [66].…”