Detecção De Esterase E Lipase Produzidas Por Fungos Filamentosos Isolados De Solos Da Caatinga / Detection of Esterase and Lipase Produced by Filamentous Fungi Isolated of Caatinga Soil

Abstract

RESUMO As esterases (E.C. 3.1.1.1) são enzimas pertencentes à classe das carboxil ester hidrolases, e atuam diretamente na clivagem e na formação de ligações ésteres, enquanto as lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) são hidrolases que catalisam a hidrólise de triacilgliceróis em ácidos graxos livres e glicerol. A utilização de enzimas nas indústrias permite o desenvolvimento de processos tecnológicos tão eficientes quanto os realizados pela natureza e sem impactos ambientais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar micro-organismos isoaldos da Caatinga com potencial promissor na produção das enzimas esterase e lipase. Amostras de fungos filamentosos (6 amostras) do gênero Aspergillus sp. denominados de SIS (10, 11, 12, 14, 92, 112) e 2 isolados de Penicillium sp. denominados de SIS (21, 23) foram cultivados em meios de cultura específico utilizando as temperaturas de 28°C e 35°C, durante 72 h, com acompanhamento diário. A presença do halo característico evidenciou a presença das enzimas testadas. Os melhores resultados obtidos indicaram que a produção de lipase e esterase com o Penicillium sp. (SIS 23), apresentando índice enzimático de 2,0cm à 35°C e á 28°C e 1,5 cm após 72 horas de cultivo destacando-se como um potencial produtor de esterase e lipase. Palavras-chave: detecção de enzimas microbianas, fungos filamentosos, enzimas hidrolíticas ABCTRACT Esterases (E.C. 3.1.1.1) are enzymes belong to the class of carboxyl ester hydrolases and act directly in cleavage and formation of ester bonds, while the lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) are hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to free fatty acids and glycerol). The use of enzymes in industries allows the development of technological processes as efficient as those carried out by nature and without environmental impacts. In this context, the objective this study was identify microorganisms isolated from Caatinga with promising potential in production of enzymes esterase and lipase. Samples of filamentous fungi (6 samples) Aspergillus sp. genus, called SIS (10, 11, 12, 14, 92, 112) and 2 isolates of Penicillium sp., called SIS (21, 23) were grown in specific culture means using temperatures of 28 °C and 35 °C during 72 h, with daily monitoring. The presence of the characteristic halo showed the presence of the tested enzymes. The best results obtained indicated the production of lipase and esterase by Penicillium sp. (SIS 23) with enzyme index of 2.0 cm at 35 °C and at 28 ° C and 1.5 cm after 72 hours cultivation standing out as potential producer of esterase and lipase.

Extraction of enzymes produced by endophytic fungi isolated from mangroves

“…Promising results in the production of this enzyme were already expected since the literature already cites the fungus Penicillium as a good producer of lipase enzyme. In this case, use of Penicillium led to results for the production of the enzyme in question that ranged from 236.86 to 1555.77 U g −1 , in agreement with studies that indicate that one of the optimal conditions for the production and/or extraction of this enzyme is a temperature range of 20–40 °C 39 …”

“…In this case, use of Penicillium led to results for the production of the enzyme in question that ranged from 236.86 to 1555.77 U g −1 , in agreement with studies that indicate that one of the optimal conditions for the production and/or extraction of this enzyme is a temperature range of 20-40 °C. 39 For the fungus Penicillium glabra series, promising results were also obtained for keratinases (3538.62 U g −1 ) in 12 h of extraction at pH 8, 20 °C and 150 rpm agitation. Regarding the independent variables studied, pH stands out, with P = 0.0002, presenting a significant positive effect, indicating that at higher pH values, the extraction of this enzyme is more efficient.…”