Detailed On-Water Measurements of Blade Forces and Stroke Efficiencies in Sprint Canoe

Tullis, S.; Galipeau, Cameron; Morgoch, Dana

doi:10.3390/proceedings2060306

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Also in other sports where athletes generate a highly dynamic flow close to the surface this study can be of interest, e.g. in swimming during breast stroke or front crawl (Matsuuchi et al 2009) or in canoeing (Tullis, Galipeau & Morgoch 2018). Accelerating plates are also used to model insect flight or flapping wings of small birds that both appear to have a remarkably high aerodynamic performance due to a leading edge vortex enhancing lift (Dickinson & Götz 1993;Fernandez-Feria & Alaminos-Quesada 2018).…”

Section: A Generalisation Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drag force on an accelerating submerged plate

et al. 2019

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We present results on the drag on, and the flow field around, a submerged rectangular normal flat plate, which is uniformly accelerated to a constant target velocity along a straight path. The plate aspect ratio is chosen to be $AR=2$ to resemble an oar blade in (competitive) rowing, the sport which inspired this study. The plate depth, i.e. the distance from the top of the plate to the air–water interface, the plate acceleration and the plate target velocity are varied, resulting in a plate width based Reynolds number of $4\times 10^{4}\lesssim Re\lesssim 8\times 10^{4}$. In our analysis we distinguish three phases; (i) the acceleration phase during which the plate drag is enhanced, (ii) the transition phase during which the plate drag decreases to a constant steady value upon which (iii) the steady phase is reached. The plate drag force is measured as function of time which showed that the steady-phase plate drag at a depth of $1/5$ plate height (20 mm depth for a plate height of 100 mm) increased by 45 % compared to the plate top at the surface (0 mm). Also, it is shown that the drag force during acceleration of the plate increases over time and is not captured by a single added mass coefficient for prolonged accelerations. Instead, an entrainment rate is defined that captures this behaviour. The formation of starting vortices and the wake development during the time of acceleration and transition towards a steady wake are studied using hydrogen bubble flow visualisations and particle image velocimetry. The formation time, as proposed by Gharib et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 360, 1998, pp. 121–140), appears to be a universal time scale for the vortex formation during the transition phase.

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Section: A Generalisation Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drag force on an accelerating submerged plate

et al. 2019

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“…Most of the on-water trials focus on the kinematic measurements of the instantaneous velocity [9], or of the average stroke rate, stroke length, and velocity per 50 m [10]. The force on the paddle was evaluated for kayaking [11][12][13][14] and canoeing [15] but was not linked to the kinematics directly. On the contrary, Delgado [16] proposed a model for the evolution of the velocity of a kayak without experimental measurements of the force and the velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Physics of Kayaking

et al. 2022

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The propulsion force of a kayaker can be measured thanks to sensors placed on the paddle. This article aims at linking this force to the evolution of the velocity of the boat. A general model is proposed to describe the motion of a K1 kayak. To validate the model and evaluate the relevant physics parameters, three on-water kayaking trials are proposed: a pure deceleration, a standing start, and 10 × 50 m with two athletes at the national level. These trials were performed with a force sensor on the paddle and video recording. We used the deceleration to evaluate the drag of the boat. Then the standing start showed that there was an active drag coefficient while kayaking. Finally, the 10 × 50 m exhibited a power law of one-third between the velocity and the stroke rate. The acceleration during the standing start together with the relationship between the velocity and stroke rate were well captured theoretically. This approach enabled us to evaluate the important parameters to describe a kayak race: the drag of the boat, an active drag coefficient, the mean propulsive force, and a propulsive length. It can be used to characterize athletes and monitor their performances.

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Detailed On-Water Measurements of Blade Forces and Stroke Efficiencies in Sprint Canoe

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Drag force on an accelerating submerged plate

Drag force on an accelerating submerged plate

On the Physics of Kayaking

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