Detailed Analysis of Heat and Mass Balance for Supercritical Water Gasification

Nakamura, A.; Kiyonaga, Eiji; Yamamura, Y.; Shimizu, Yoshihisa; Minowa, Tomoaki; Noda, Yoji; Matsumura, Yukihiko

doi:10.1252/jcej.07we321

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This emphasizes the importance of heat integration; that is, recovering the heat from the hot effluent stream to heat the incoming cold stream. Although Elliott et al, 241 Boukis et al, 284 and Nakamura et al 285 have independently demonstrated and measured high heat exchanger efficiencies in their pilot plants, it will be important to continue to emphasize this factor in the large-scale design in order to achieve high efficiencies at commercial scales, particularly if fouling becomes pronounced.…”

Section: Heat Transfer and Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: A review of sub- and supercritical water technologies

Peterson

Vogel

Lachance

et al. 2008

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,788

1,232

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Section: Heat Transfer and Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: A review of sub- and supercritical water technologies

Peterson

Vogel

Lachance

et al. 2008

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,788

1,232

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“…The largest plants for gasification with a throughput of 100 kg/h are at the KIT in Germany [49] and 410 kg/h by a coal catalyzed version in cooperation with the University of Hiroshima, Japan. Here, in contrast to other countries also some Japanese companies are strongly involved to develop the technology [136]. Also important are plants in the USA in view of hydrothermal liquefaction processes, e.g.…”

Section: Perspectives and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water – A magic solvent for biomass conversion

Kruse

Dahmen

2015

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

267

148

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“…High feedstock concentrations are beneficial from both process efficiency and economic perspectives. 19 On the other hand, for some compounds it has been noticed in earlier studies that for example, coke formation and other undesired side reactions are enhanced at higher feed concentrations. To study this effect for glycerol, the initial glycerol concentration was varied from 2.6 to 20 wt % to see its influence on the gasification behavior and product selectivities at a fixed catalyst loading (1 g), see Figure 6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Catalytic Reforming of Glycerol in Supercritical Water over Bimetallic Pt–Ni Catalyst

Chakinala

Swaaij

Kersten

et al. 2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Catalytic reforming of pure glycerol for the production of hydrogen at low temperature and short residence times in supercritical water was investigated using a bimetallic Pt–Ni catalyst supported on alumina. Initial tests were carried out to study the reforming activity of bimetallic Pt–Ni catalysts by reforming different model compounds having different carbon numbers in supercritical water at 400–450 °C. The influence of different operating parameters such as reaction temperature, initial feed concentration, location of the catalyst bed, and weight hourly space velocity on the carbon to gas conversion and product gas distribution is studied. Continuous experiments were carried out using a fixed bed reactor for a temperature range of 380–500 °C, feed concentrations of up to 20 wt %, at space velocities of up to 45 h–1. The product gas mainly consisted of CO2, H2 and alkanes (CH4 and C2H6) and the liquid effluent after the reaction primarily consisted of unconverted glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, and ethanol, with trace amounts of acetaldehyde, ethanol, and 1,3-propanediol. A comparison of the reforming activity of the catalyst and process with respect to the feedstock characteristics was made by comparing the carbon to gas conversion and product distribution for pure and crude glycerol. The carbon to gas conversion and the product gas distribution of pure and crude glycerol are comparable. Complete conversion of 15 wt % (pure) glycerol in water to gaseous products was achieved at 450–500 °C and the product gas mainly consisted of H2, CO2, and CH4. However, whereas the catalyst deactivated rapidly with crude glycerol, for pure glycerol the catalyst showed stable performance for a long duration run up to 85 h, indicating that catalyst deactivation by for example, coke formation in the gasification reaction system is not a major issue. It is anticipated that with a proper catalyst support material, the gasification of concentrated aqueous glycerol streams can be developed into a viable process.

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Detailed Analysis of Heat and Mass Balance for Supercritical Water Gasification

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: A review of sub- and supercritical water technologies

Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: A review of sub- and supercritical water technologies

Water – A magic solvent for biomass conversion

Catalytic Reforming of Glycerol in Supercritical Water over Bimetallic Pt–Ni Catalyst

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