Detached growth behaviour of 2-in germanium crystals

On favorable thermal fields for detached Bridgman growth

“…This is expected to quickly solidify, and the crystal will be attached to the crucible. These results demonstrate the importance of the meniscus geometry, as determined by pressure and contact angle, and are consistent with prior stability ideas based on meniscus mechanics [8,[16][17][18][19]. However, the source of instability in this computation has its origins in heat transfer, as argued in [14].…”

“…The dewetting phenomenon was observed for the first time in microgravity experiments [1,2] then successfully reproduced in earth experiments [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The prevailing wisdom for conducting detached growth on earth is to establish a liquid meniscus between the crystal and the crucible wall and maintain it by controlling the pressure difference between the gas space above the melt and the gap.…”

X-ray characterization of detached-grown germanium crystals

“…Experimental studies of detachment have been reported for several materials: InSb [2], GaSb [2,11], CdTe [12,13], Ge [9,14,15], and GeSi [10]. Although it is expected that the detached-grown crystals will exhibit superior properties compared to attached-grown crystals, there are only limited studies which quantitatively make this comparison.…”

Full encapsulated CdZnTe crystals by the vertical Bridgman method

“…Conditions for detached solidifications were studied in detail [6,7]. However, detaching conditions can occur only in microgravity, or by imposing a pressure difference between the melt and the crystal [8,9].…”