Destructive Periodontal Disease and Tobacco and Cannabis Smoking

Smoking Cessation and Outcome of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis

“…Dental care professionals are in an advantageous position to assess the smoking status of their young patients and play a significant role in delivering smoking cessation advice, particularly in relation to periodontal health. By doing so, the dental profession can contribute significantly to the overall health and well‐being of young individuals and future generations [ 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Marijuana-Derived Cannabinoids Trigger a CB2/PI3K Axis of Suppression of the Innate Response to Oral Pathogens

“…Cigarette smoke is known to dysregulate such host-pathogen interactions, for example, by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production and angiogenesis, helping to explain the dysbiotic microbiota and increased incidence and severity of chronic periodontitis that is consistently noted in tobacco smokers relative to non-smokers (52, 53). Increasing evidence suggests that inhalation of cannabis smoke is also negatively associated with periodontal health (5, 10, 12, 54). The mechanisms of predisposition are unknown, but marijuana has long been attributed anti-inflammatory properties (49, 50).…”

Where periodontitis meets metabolic syndrome—The role of common health‐related risk factors

“…Smokers are reported to have more plaque, increased signs of dental inflammation, and higher relative risk of teeth loss due to attachment loss compared to non‐smokers . Several reviews discussed the role of tobacco as a common risk factor for both periodontal and systemic diseases . For example, after adjusting for confounders, a significant association between periodontal loss of attachment and a history of heart attack was only found among smokers, suggesting that smoking is a crucial element in this association …”

“…74 Several reviews discussed the role of tobacco as a common risk factor for both periodontal and systemic diseases. [75][76][77][78] For example, after adjusting for confounders, a significant association between periodontal loss of attachment and a history of heart attack was only found among smokers, suggesting that smoking is a crucial element in this association. 79 Oral and general health-related habits could account for the epidemiologic associations of the common risk factors theory.…”