Destruction of Fishes and Other Organisms on the South Texas Coast by the Cold Wave of January 28‐February 3, 1951

Sea Turtles of the Gulf of Mexico

“…A leatherback carcass was found in Copano Bay, Texas in 1951 (Gunter 1951). In 1956, 100 leatherbacks were reported only 75 yards from the beach in Port Aransas, Texas.…”

Potential Impacts of Extreme Salinity and Surface Temperature Events on Population Dynamics of Black Drum, Pogonias cromis, in the Upper Laguna Madre, Texas

“…In addition to hypersalinity, the south Texas coast is periodically subjected to harsh winter freeze events. Owing to the shallowness of the ULM and surrounding estuaries, such freeze events can result in extensive fish kills (Gunter and Hildebrand, 1951;Moore, 1976;Buskey et al, 1997), which may also locally impact population structure and dynamics of the system. Unique differences in ULM black drum may be developed adaptations to deal with the extreme environmental conditions and the resultant high mortality of this bay system (Bumguardner et al, 1996).…”

Diseases and Mortalities of Fishes and Other Animals in The Gulf of Mexico

“…The shallow bays of Texas are connected to the GoM by typically narrow passes; consequently, the rapid drop in temperature often traps the fishes within the bays. Gunter and Hildebrand (1951) described animal kills occurring in 1951 in and around Aransas Pass. The storm with winds up to 64 km/h (40 mi/h) dropped temperatures below freezing on January 29 and remained there for 5 days, with air temperatures as low as À8 C (18 F).…”