Destruction and formation of a carbon nanotube network in polymer melts: Rheology and conductivity spectroscopy

Alig, Ingo; Skipa, Tetyana; Lellinger, Dirk; Pötschke, Petra

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.05.037

Cited by 232 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This type of reagglomeration is sometimes referred to as 'secondary agglomeration' so as to differentiate it from the primary or initial agglomeration, normally existing in the dry un-processed (raw) bulk CNTs [7,10]. Addition of hardener can enhance CNT reagglomeration by lowering the viscosity and hence increasing the mobility of the nanotubes, even at the same temperature and before the onset of curing [16].…”

Section: Transition From Liquid To Solid (Stage 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, agglomeration of the initially dispersed nanotubes is not always an undesirable phenomenon. For example, formation of an agglomerated CNTs network is beneficial and even necessary for electrical conductivity of the composite [7][8][9][10]. The results of recent study suggest that the presence of such a network in the matrix, can enhance certain mechanical properties of a fibre reinforced composite [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of carbon nanotube dispersion in preparation of epoxy-based composites: From a masterbatch to a nanocomposite

Aravand¹,

Lomov²,

Verpoest³

et al. 2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The state of carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion in epoxy is likely to change in the process of composite production. In the present work CNT dispersion is characterized at different stages of nanocomposite preparation: in the original masterbatch with high CNT concentration, after masterbatch dilution, in the process of curing and in the final nanocomposite. The evaluation techniques included dynamic rheological analysis of the liquid phases, optical, environmental and charge contrast scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis. The evolution of the CNT dispersion was assessed for two CNT/epoxy systems with distinctly different dispersion states induced by different storage time. Strong interactions between CNT clusters were revealed in the masterbatch with a longer storage time. Upon curing CNT clusters in this material formed a network-like structure. This network enhanced the elastic behaviour and specific conductivity of the resulting nanocomposite, leading to a partial electrical percolation after curing.

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Section: Transition From Liquid To Solid (Stage 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of carbon nanotube dispersion in preparation of epoxy-based composites: From a masterbatch to a nanocomposite

Aravand¹,

Lomov²,

Verpoest³

et al. 2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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show abstract

“…Features of CNTs such as excellent mechanical properties, electrical and thermal conductivity associated with their high aspect ratio and low density, have several potential benefits which are expected to manifest when they are employed as fillers in polymers [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of the conductive paths in injection moulded MWNT/polycarbonate nanocomposites by conductive AFM

Kiss-Pataki

Tiusanen

Dobrik

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

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Electrical conductivity of MWNT filled polymer composites can strongly depend on the dispersion of the filler. Injection moulding of the same nanotube filled conductive composite materials can lead to significant differences in conductivities while the corresponding morphological changes seem to be moderate. Here we report on a conductive atomic microscopy (C-AFM) study of a series of polycarbonate/MWNT settings injection moulded with different injection speeds and melt temperatures, completed with optical microscopy, SEM and TEM characterization. C-AFM was found to be able to visualize the significant differences in the morphology of electrical pathways in cross section. These morphological variations seem to correlate to the differing volume resistivity data and are in agreement with the expected structural effects of injection moulding processes with different parameters.

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“…Therefore, simultaneous electrical and rheological experiments provide a unique tool and have been in focus of research for several years. Most of these investigations were performed using coupled electrical and shear experiments at a constant shear rate [5][6][7]. From these studies it was found, that shear forces can either destroy or build-up conductive pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear induced electrical behaviour of conductive polymer composites

Starý¹,

Krückel²,

Schubert³

2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The time-dependent electrical resistance of polymethylmethacrylate containing carbon black was measured under oscillatory shear in the molten state. The electrical signal was oscillating exactly at the doubled frequency of the oscillatory shear deformation. Moreover, the experimental results gave a hint to the development of conductive structures in polymer melts under shear deformation. It was shown that the flow induced destruction of conductive paths dominates over the flow induced build-up in the beginning of the shear deformations. However, for longer times both competitive effects reach a dynamic equilibrium and only the thermally induced build-up of pathways influences the changes in the composite resistance during the shear. Furthermore, the oscillating electrical response depends clearly on the deformation amplitude applied. A simple physical model describing the behaviour of conductive pathways under shear deformation was derived and utilized for the description of the experimental data.

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Destruction and formation of a carbon nanotube network in polymer melts: Rheology and conductivity spectroscopy

Cited by 232 publications

References 51 publications

Evolution of carbon nanotube dispersion in preparation of epoxy-based composites: From a masterbatch to a nanocomposite

Evolution of carbon nanotube dispersion in preparation of epoxy-based composites: From a masterbatch to a nanocomposite

Visualization of the conductive paths in injection moulded MWNT/polycarbonate nanocomposites by conductive AFM

Shear induced electrical behaviour of conductive polymer composites

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