Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging reveals chemical defense of Burkholderia seminalis against cacao pathogens

Abstract

a Fungal and oomycete diseases are responsible for significant economic losses of cacao crops worldwide.Such diseases are caused mainly by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, and the oomycetes Phytophthora citrophtora, P. capsici, and P. palmivora. The endophytic bacterium Burkholderia seminalis has showed antagonistic action against several plant pathogens. Herein, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) was applied to map spatial metabolic distributions from B. seminalis and cacao pathogen monocultures, as well as to monitor interkingdom interactions of the endophytic bacterium with the fungus and oomycetes. DESI-MSI was successful in the direct analysis of fungus and oomycete pathogens on dehydrated agar plate, detecting several phospholipids and other unidentified metabolites. Chemical defense of B. seminalis against cacao pathogens was evidenced by the detection of partially diffuse rhamnolipid, which probably act in synergism with other unidentified diffuse metabolites.

Mass spectrometry characterization of endophytic bacterium Curtobacterium sp. strain ER1/6 isolated from Citrus sinensis

“…After, 0.5 μL of Curtobacterium sp. ER1/6 cell suspension was applied on the plate and inoculated in BOD at 28°C for 48 h. The slides containing the bacterium cultivation was dehydrated on vacuum and then analyzed by DESI‐MSI . The interaction experiments were prepared either by application of Curtobacterium sp.…”

“…ER1/6 cell suspension was applied on the plate and inoculated in BOD at 28°C for 48 h. The slides containing the bacterium cultivation was dehydrated on vacuum and then analyzed by DESI-MSI. 24,26,28 The interaction experiments were prepared either by application of Curtobacterium sp. ER1/6 (1 μL) and X. fastidiosa 9a5c (1 μL) cell suspensions to the 5 mm away of each ones, or by application of Curtobacterium sp.…”

“…[18][19][20] Such characteristics have therefore become DESI-MS, a potential technique in imaging of biological samples. Specifically in microbiology studies, DESI-MSI has been applied in the characterization of different types of microorganisms, [21][22][23][24] in studies of microbial interactions 16,25,26 and interactions of microorganisms with their hosts, 27 allowing the determination of the nature of antibiotics and their localizations at the surface of the colonies. 16,26,28,29 In this report, we have used DESI-MSI, allied to the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), to spatially monitor and characterize the metabolites produced by Curtobacterium sp.…”

Imaging the Unimaginable: Desorption Electrospray Ionization – Imaging Mass Spectrometry (DESI-IMS) in Natural Product Research

“…Further investigation of bacterial central carbon metabolism performed by Jackson et al 95 on E. coli allowed the detection of 13 out of 17 selected central carbon metabolites (i.e., metabolites involved in the integration of pathways of transport and oxidation of main carbon source inside the cell). Similarly, DESI-IMS was shown to be an effective method to understand chemical interactions/exchanges (e.g., antagonistic fungal interactions 96 , 97 , fungal/bacterial interactions 98 , or metabolic exchange between bacterial species 99 directly). The interaction of micro- and macroorganisms with other organisms often relies on the production of secondary metabolites.…”

Rapid and sensitive detection of trace malachite green and its metabolite in aquatic products using molecularly imprinted polymer-coated wooden-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

“…Solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with ambient MS has been developed to directly detect complex samples with high sensitivity and low matrix interference. [41][42][43][44] To date, SPME has been successfully coupled to several ambient ionization techniques, such as DESI, 45 DART, [46][47][48] LTP, 49,50 and DCBI. 23,24 In addition, direct ionization of SPME bers, 51 a SPME probe coupled with nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI), [52][53][54] coated blade spray (CBS), [55][56][57] and surface-coated wooden-tip electrospray ionization (SCWT-ESI) 58,59 have been explored as novel strategies for rapid extraction of trace analytes for direct MS analysis of complex samples.…”