Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization

Haapala, Markus; Pól, Jaroslav; Saarela, Ville; Arvola, Ville; Kotiaho, Tapio; Ketola, Raimo A.; Franssila, Sami; Kauppila, Tiina J.; Kostiainen, Risto

doi:10.1021/ac071152g

Cited by 225 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This anion was also observed in ESI-MS of samples of Italian propolis [30] where it was identified as a dihydroxyflavone. Other less abundant ions corresponding to well known flavonoids: m/z 253 (chrysin), m/z 255 (pinocembrin), m/z 269 (apigenin/galangin), m/z 271(pinobanksin), m/z 283 (caffeic acid phenethyl ester, CAPE) and m/z 313 (pinobanksin acetate), found in propolis derived from Populus resins can also be observed [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Recently, a series of new ambient mass spectrometric techniques such as desorption electrospray ionization-DESI [24], direct analysis in real time-DART [25], electrospray laser desorption ionization-ELDI [26], matrix assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization-MALDESI [27], atmospheric solids analytical probe-ASAP [28], extractive electrospray ionization-EESI [29], desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization-DAPPI [30], and easy ambient sonic-spray ionization-EASI [31] have been introduced, which allow MS analysis with great speed directly for samples at ambient conditions. EASI, which was originally termed DeSSI [32], is one of the simplest, gentlest and most easily implemented ionization methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fingerprinting of propolis by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry

Sawaya

Abdelnur²,

Eberlin³

et al. 2010

Talanta

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a b s t r a c tChemical profiles of a representative set of 49 propolis ethanolic extracts collected worldwide (North and South America, Europe, Asia and Oceania) were obtained via easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS). This simple and easily implemented fingerprinting technique analyses directly (without any pre-separation or sample manipulation) a tiny droplet of the ethanolic extract placed on a inert surface under ambient conditions. Data acquisition took about a minute per sample with no substantial sample carry-over. Extraction of propolis with ethanol by using an ultrasonic bath method gave EASI-MS data similar to the traditional maceration method, reducing total analysis time for the crude propolis resin from a week to just ca 1 h. Principal component analysis of the EASI-MS data is shown to group samples according to the plant sources of their resins, which characterizes their geographical origin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprinting of propolis by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry

Sawaya

Abdelnur²,

Eberlin³

et al. 2010

Talanta

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“…In desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI), the photons produced in a discharge lamp are used for ionization of analytes directly or indirectly through reactive species of a heated solvent impinged on the surface [29]. Atmospheric pressure photoionization mechanisms are well documented and depend heavily on the ionization energies, proton and electron affinities of analytes and solvents used.…”

Section: Plasma Based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What can we learn from ambient ionization techniques?

Chen

Gamez

Zenobi

2009

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

224

178

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Ambient mass spectrometry-mass spectrometric analysis with no or minimal effort for sample preparation-has experienced a very rapid development during the last 5 years, with many different methods now available for ionization. Here, we review its range of applications, the hurdles encountered for its quantitative use, and the proposed mechanisms for ion formation. Clearly, more effort needs to be put into investigation of matrix effects, into defining representative sampling of heterogeneous materials, and into understanding and controlling the underlying ionization mechanisms. Finally, we propose a concept to reduce the number of different acronyms describing very similar embodiments of ambient mass spectrometry. (J Am Soc Mass

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“…R ecently, several newly developed ionization methods, including direct analysis in real time (DART) [1], desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) [2], desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (DAPCI) [3], and desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI) [4], have attracted more and more attention due to their abilities in ionization of samples at ambient or open air conditions and/or their ability in direct analysis of samples without prior treatment. In comparison with traditional atmospheric pressure ionization (API) methods, including electrospray ionization (ESI) [5,6], atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) [7] and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) [8,9], these new ionization methods are especially successful in the analysis of compounds on a variety of surfaces, including concrete, human skin, currency, airline boarding passes, fruits, vegetables, cloth, drug tablets, and biological tissues without sample preparation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionization mechanism of negative ion-direct analysis in real time: A comparative study with negative ion-atmospheric pressure photoionization

Song

Dykstra

Yao

et al. 2009

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

128

116

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The ionization mechanism of negative ion-direct analysis in real time (NI-DART) has been investigated using over 42 compounds, including fullerenes, perfluorocarbons (PFC), organic explosives, phenols, pentafluorobenzyl (PFB) derivatized phenols, anilines, and carboxylic acids, which were previously studied by negative ion-atmospheric pressure photoionization (NI-APPI). NI-DART generated ionization products similar to NI-APPI, which led to four ionization mechanisms, including electron capture (EC), dissociative EC, proton transfer, and anion attachment. These four ionization mechanisms make both NI-DART and NI-APPI capable of ionizing a wider range of compounds than negative ion-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or negative ion-electrospray ionization (ESI). As the operation of NI-DART is much easier than that of NI-APPI and the gas-phase ion chemistry of NI-DART is more easily manipulated than that of NI-APPI, NI-DART can be therefore used to study in detail the ionization mechanism of LC/NI-APPI-MS, which would be a powerful methodology for the quantification of low-polarity compounds. Herein, one such application has been further demonstrated in the detection and identification of background ions from LC solvents and APPI dopants, including water, acetonitrile, chloroform, methylene chloride, methanol, 2-propanol, hexanes, heptane, cyclohexane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,4-dioxane, toluene, and anisole. Possible reaction pathways leading to the formation of these background ions were further inferred. One of the conclusions from these experiments is that THF and 1,4-dioxane are inappropriate to be used as solvents and/or dopants for LC/NI-APPI-MS due to their high reactivity with source basic ions, leading to many reactant ions in the background. [7] and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) [8,9], these new ionization methods are especially successful in the analysis of compounds on a variety of surfaces, including concrete, human skin, currency, airline boarding passes, fruits, vegetables, cloth, drug tablets, and biological tissues without sample preparation. Of these new ionization methods, DART is particularly interesting due to its distinct ionization mechanism, while the others have close relationships with their respective traditional API methods.DART ionization begins with a stream of gas, usually helium, which is electrically discharged to produce ions, electrons, and metastable species. After heating and removal of charged particles, this stream of gas exits the DART source into the open air, and is able to ionize chemicals by instant contact, therefore permitting the analysis of gases, liquids, and solids. Although the DART ionization mechanisms are not yet fully understood, it has been proposed [1] that in the positive ion (PI) mode, metastable helium atoms induce Penning ionization of ambient water in the open air, generating protonated water clusters, mostly H 5 O 2 ϩ , which further ionize analytes through chemical reactions. In the negative ion (NI) mode; however,...

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Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization

Cited by 225 publications

References 40 publications

Fingerprinting of propolis by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry

Fingerprinting of propolis by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry

What can we learn from ambient ionization techniques?

Ionization mechanism of negative ion-direct analysis in real time: A comparative study with negative ion-atmospheric pressure photoionization

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