Desmosomes and Hemidesmosomes

Todorović, Viktor; Kligys, Kristina; Dusek, Rachel L.; Jones, Jonathan; Green, Kathleen J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-378630-2.00472-2

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The electron tomography observations also revealed that the structural architecture of the haptomonad attachment plaque consisted of discrete layers, with the inner and outer dense plaques overlaying the flagellar membrane connecting to a dense filament layer, summarised in Figure 6A . Interestingly, this is a similar arrangement to that of the hemidesmosome formed in mammalian epithelial cells when they attach to the basement membrane ( Todorović et al, 2004 ). This has been noted before and previously the attachment plaque has been termed a hemidesmosome Killick-Kendrick et al, 1974 ; however, as no orthologues of the constituent proteins of the hemidesmosome are found in the L. mexicana genome, we use the term attachment plaque.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Formation and three-dimensional architecture of Leishmania adhesion in the sand fly vector

Yanase

Moreira-Leite

Rea

et al. 2023

eLife

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attachment to a substrate to maintain position in a specific ecological niche is a common strategy across biology, especially for eukaryotic parasites. During development in the sand fly vector, the eukaryotic parasite Leishmania adheres to the stomodeal valve, as the specialised haptomonad form. Dissection of haptomonad adhesion is a critical step for understanding the complete life cycle of Leishmania. Nevertheless, haptomonad studies are limited, as this is a technically challenging life cycle form to investigate. Here, we have combined three-dimensional electron microscopy approaches, including serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) and serial tomography to dissect the organisation and architecture of haptomonads in the sand fly. We showed that the attachment plaque contains distinct structural elements. Using time-lapse light microscopy of in vitro haptomonad-like cells, we identified five stages of haptomonad-like cell differentiation, and showed that calcium is necessary for Leishmania adhesion to the surface in vitro. This study provides the structural and regulatory foundations of Leishmania adhesion,which are critical for a holistic understanding of the Leishmania life cycle.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Formation and three-dimensional architecture of Leishmania adhesion in the sand fly vector

Yanase

Moreira-Leite

Rea

et al. 2023

eLife

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The electron tomography observations also revealed that the structural architecture of the haptomonad attachment plaque consisted of discrete layers, with the inner and outer dense plaques overlaying the flagellar membrane connecting to a dense filament layer, summarised in Figure 6A. Interestingly, this is a similar arrangement to that of the hemidesmosome formed in mammalian epithelial cells when they attach to the basement membrane (Todorović et al, 2004). This has been noted before and previously the attachment plaque has been termed a hemidesmosome (Killick-Kendrick et al, 1974); however, as no orthologues of the constituent proteins of the hemidesmosome are found in the L. mexicana genome, we use the term attachment plaque.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Formation and three-dimensional architecture ofLeishmaniaadhesion in the sand fly vector

Yanase

Moreira-Leite

Rea

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attachment to a substrate to maintain position in a specific ecological niche is a common strategy across biology, especially for eukaryotic parasites. During development in the sand fly vector, the eukaryotic parasiteLeishmaniaadheres to the stomodeal valve, as the specialised haptomonad form. Dissection of haptomonad adhesion is a critical step for understanding parasite transmission. Nevertheless, haptomonad studies are limited, as this is a technically challenging life cycle form to investigate. Here, we have combined three-dimensional electron microscopy approaches, including serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) and serial tomography to dissect the organisation and architecture of haptomonads in the sand fly. We showed that the attachment plaque contains distinct structural elements. Using time-lapse light microscopy, we identified five stages of haptomonad differentiation, and showed that calcium is necessary for haptomonad adhesion to the surface. This study provides the structural and regulatory foundations of the haptomonad form, which are critical for a holistic understanding ofLeishmaniatransmission.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is different from laminin 332, which additionally supports RPE adhesion via a6b4 integrins, i.e., hemidesmosomes. The role of hemidesmosomes in organizing the keratin network is crucial for the mechanical integrity of epithelial tissues 56,57 and was proposed to define their textile nature 44 . More recently, data from different labs demonstrated that hemidesmosomes and the keratin network reduce cellular traction force 48 and protect the nucleus from mechanical strain 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, due to our in vitro model's limitations, we cannot completely exclude the role of laminin 332 in controlling RPE mechanical status. In fact, laminin 332 supports the formation of hemidesmosomes (Aumailley, 2012), which are well-known key ECM receptors controlling epithelial mechanical integrity and resilience (Hahn & Labouesse, 2001;Todorović et al, 2013). Future studies will need to focus on elucidating the potential ECM receptor density gradient in RPE in vivo and its role in the mechanical homeostasis of the outer retina.…”

Section: Due To Technical Limitations For a Direct Quantification Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Laminin-defined Mechanical Status Modulates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Functionality

Kozyrina

Piskova

Doolaar

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epithelial cells are highly interconnected, whereby they acquire mesoscale mechanical properties to accomplish specific tissue functions. In homeostasis, these mechanical features can be summarised as mechanical homeostasis, regulated by the balance of intercellular tension and extracellular matrix adhesion forces. In the outer retina, the significance of these forces in defining its mechanical homeostasis and vision remains poorly understood. The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is located at the base of the retina and supports vision by ensuring the light sensitivity and lifespan of photoreceptor cells. Due to different photoreceptor densities, this functional demand on the RPE varies from the most illuminated macula to the less illuminated retinal periphery and corresponds to a significant difference in monolayer organisation. In this work, we hypothesised that extracellular matrix cues define the relation between RPE organisation, mechanical status and functional demand. We found that the density of basement membrane laminin alpha 5 modulates RPE contractility levels which directly control the epithelium efficiency in phagocyting photoreceptor outer segments. In vivo, laminin alpha 5 density gradient follows retinal functional demand, thus supporting the physiological role of laminin alpha 5 in controlling RPE mechanical homeostasis. ECM-defined mechanical status of the RPE provides a novel parameter to consider for visual function and opens new paths of investigation for sight-threatening diseases such as high myopia and age-related macular degeneration.

show abstract

Desmosomes and Hemidesmosomes

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Formation and three-dimensional architecture of Leishmania adhesion in the sand fly vector

Formation and three-dimensional architecture of Leishmania adhesion in the sand fly vector

Formation and three-dimensional architecture ofLeishmaniaadhesion in the sand fly vector

Laminin-defined Mechanical Status Modulates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Functionality

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About