“…In real-life massage, these are considered as almost fixed values, since it depends only on the characteristic of the hands of the massage giver. Here, we simulated physical displacement of the skin using vibrotactile feedback, similar to many studies that successfully use vibrotactile arrays to represent touch, e.g., [8,10,11,21,23,44]. We acknowledged that the force feedback is not successfully conveyed by our device, but our objective is not to make real-life massage possible in distance, but rather to complement video call with haptic feedback and interaction that are inspired by massage.…”