Designing supply chain strategies against epidemic outbreaks such as COVID‐19: Review and future research directions

Abstract

The supply chain is vulnerable to disruptions, which can lead to operational failure. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate and monitor the risks associated with such disruptions. Epidemics, including the profound impact of COVID‐19, exemplify disruptive risks that engender complexities throughout the value chain. COVID‐19 has caused significant disruptions to the global supply chain due to the preexisting fragile supply chains, resulting in the unavailability of essential raw materials, halts in production, and imbalances between supply and demand. It has forced the supply chain community to rethink their risk mitigation strategies. Despite its significance, there are a few studies on the existing options and strategies to mitigate the risks associated with epidemics such as COVID‐19. This special issue explores state‐of‐the‐art knowledge of various risks and their mitigation strategies, presenting optimized models and solutions. This editorial seeks to introduce valuable insights and illuminate promising avenues for future research by reviewing existing studies. The comprehensive understanding derived from this editorial and the accompanying articles of this special issue will benefit both researchers and practitioners, enabling them to navigate the multifaceted landscape of epidemic‐induced disruptive risks in the supply chain and adopt suitable mitigation strategies. Furthermore, this special issue lays a solid foundation for implementing advanced methods for managing and mitigating the disruptive risks that epidemics pose to the supply chain.

Modeling Supply and Demand Dynamics of Vaccines against Epidemic-Prone Pathogens: Case Study of Ebola Virus Disease

“…The typical reactive approach to public health emergencies further complicates preparedness efforts. Uncertainty in the timing, location, and spread of outbreaks [ 25 ], as well as the evolution of pathogens, makes it difficult to plan and leaves at-risk populations vulnerable to disruptions across the supply chain [ 26 ]. Although emergency stockpiles have been established to ensure rapid deployment of vaccines when outbreaks emerge, demand uncertainty makes it difficult to initially size and continuously maintain stock levels while minimizing both shortages and wastage [ 27 , 28 ].…”