Designing Reliable Cathode System for High‐Performance Inorganic Solid‐State Pouch Cells

Abstract

All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) based on inorganic solid electrolytes fascinate a large body of researchers in terms of overcoming the inferior energy density and safety issues of existing lithium‐ion batteries. To date, the cathode designs in the ASSBs achieve remarkable achievements, adding the urgency of scaling up the battery system toward inorganic solid‐state pouch cell configuration for the application market. Herein, the recent developments of cathode materials and the design considerations for their application in the pouch cell format are reviewed to straighten out the roadmap of ASSBs. Specifically, the intercalation compounds and the conversion materials with conversion chemistries are highlighted and discussed as two potentially valuable material types. This review focuses on the basic electrochemical mechanisms, mechanical contact issues, and sheet‐type structure in inorganic solid‐state pouch cells with corresponding perspectives, thus guiding the future research direction. Finally, the benchmarks for manufacturing inorganic solid‐state pouch cells to meet practical high energy density targets are provided in this review for the development of commercially viable products.

Optimization of Porous Structures of Carbon Matrices for Loading Red Phosphorus to Achieve High-Capacity and Long-Life Anodes for All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) employing inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs) are acknowledged to enable a more stable (electro)­chemo-mechanical environment for those volume-changing electrode materials than liquid LIBs. − For instance, SEs cannot freely flow to wet the newly exposed electrode interfaces, which favors stable SEI formation. − Among all investigated SEs, sulfide electrolytes exhibit favorable mechanical ductility and the highest room-temperature ionic conductivity comparable to or exceeding liquid electrolytes. , Recent advances have witnessed excellent compatibility of alloy-type anodes with sulfide SEs. Some typical alloy anodes (e.g., Si, Al, or their lithiated forms) used in sulfide ASSLIBs have achieved far better long-term cycling stability than liquid LIBs. − Based on theoretical estimation, McDowell et al have identified that both gravimetric/volumetric energy densities of ASSLIBs with some alloy anodes are far beyond those of commercial graphite LIBs, even comparable to those evaluated of the Li-metal batteries using excess Li …”