Designing microwave patch antennas using heterogeneous substrates

Abstract

Abstract-This paper introduces the concept of designing microwave patch antennas by creating synthetic heterogeneous substrates with small scale inclusions. These inclusions embedded in a host dielectric can be used to control the dielectric properties and create bespoke effective permittivity values. Heterogeneous patch antennas at 2.4GHz are simulated in this paper. By deliberately mapping the permittivity values to the electric fields, the antenna behavior can be controlled and a dual band frequency was introduced. The local regions with micro-scale inclusions showed good agreement with a homogeneous substrate section with the same predicted permittivity. These heterogeneous substrates can be potentially created using nanomaterials.

Antennas on quasi synthetic media

“…The results show good agreement with the resonant frequency of the heterogeneous substrate (3.21 GHz) being slightly lower than that of the homogenous equivalent (3.25 GHz). Previous work by the authors in [22], [23] have shown this to be the case for spherical and metallic inclusions. The radiation efficiencies are 93.52% and 92.82% for the homogenous and heterogeneous respectively which again show good agreement.…”

Antenna performance on quasi synthetic media

“…In [21] patch antennas above substrates with small scale inclusions where the effective permittivity varied locally were examined. The simulated efficiencies were similar to the homogenous patch antenna.…”