Designing human–machine interfaces for naturalistic perceptions, decisions and actions occurring in emergency situations

Rahman, Moin; Balakrishnan, Ganesh; Bergin, Thomas J.

doi:10.1080/1463922x.2010.506561

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…"Skill" which is contiguous to, and also subsumed under, "rules" is made up of rapid, nonconscious, highly integrated patterns of motor behavior, which is largely feedforward (ballistic motions driven by anticipations of the agent regarding system behavior). A preliminary DPAC model (Rahman, 2012), a simple representation of the complementary interaction between direct perception and embodied cognition, has been taken to the next level by showing how skills & rules, and signals & signs fit into it. This enhanced DPAC model is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Dpac: a Neo-gibsonian Model For Embodied Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Perception-Action Coupling: A Neo-Gibsonian Model for Critical Human-Machine Interactions under Stress

Rahman

2012

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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The cognitive capacities of a human agent are significantly impoverished when operating under severe temporal and emotional stress. Currently, human-machine interaction under these circumstances is being informed by classical cognitive models, which treat the human agent as having a repertoire of undiminished cognitive capacities consisting of semantic, symbolic, and inferential reasoning abilities. Such an approach is unsuited when an agent’s mental capacities are reduced to simple perception-action mechanisms, due to functional decortication, under severe stress. Gibson’s direct perception provides a partial answer to this problem. This paper attempts to provide a more robust answer by putting direct perception under the light of recent advances made in human-machine interaction design and theory, neurosciences and embodied cognition. This resulted in the development of a model for human-machine interaction called Direct Perception-Action Coupling (DPAC). This model can be applied to inform the design of critical human-machine interactions that need to be flawlessly performed, often times under stress, to prevent catastrophic outcomes.

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Section: Dpac: a Neo-gibsonian Model For Embodied Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Perception-Action Coupling: A Neo-Gibsonian Model for Critical Human-Machine Interactions under Stress

Rahman

2012

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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“…When an agent is confronted with time compressed events that are emotionally arousing (induced by danger or high stakes), the only possible method of apprehending the world is through the experiential route. The experiential route, particularly through affect and arousal, signals to the agent the [aversive/appetitive] valence of a situation and the urgency, respectively, with which the situation needs to be assessed, comprehended and responded [12]. Furthermore, the nonconscious mode through which the experiential route operates facilitates rapid processing; whereas the conscious route is unsuitable because of its [slow] speed and [high] bandwidth requirements [30].…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that these largely emotional arousal induced changes are adaptive, and when the level of emotional modulation of cognition is optimal, it increases the likelihood of the human agent producing his best performance, and thus, realizing successful outcomes [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Situation Awareness: A model for SA acquisition under imminent threat and severe time stress

Rahman

2011

2011 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA

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Classical models of Situation Awareness (SA) describe it as a process involving self-agency, or as rooted in [externally directed] consciousness operating in a perceptual cycle. These models are robust for dynamic situations where events unfold gradually in the temporal dimension at a rate that is compatible with the ability of the human agent to process information, and where this information processing is largely unaffected by eventinduced [aversive] emotional arousal. A model for SA acquisition for situations that express rapid dynamics for a limited duration, which are non-prototypical in nature, and involve high stakes, including danger-induced emotional arousal, does not exist. These types of situations are typically encountered in mission critical domains such as law enforcement, firefighting, aviation, combat, etc. In these situations, the traditional models of SA predicated on conscious perception of situation elements and processing of information may not be appropriate, because the [slow] speed and [high] bandwidth of consciousness are suboptimal for the occasion, thus preventing the agent from realizing successful outcomes. Furthermore, unconsciousness, which has largely been ignored by SA theorists, plays a critical role in acquiring SA under these circumstances. This paper presents a model for SA, referred to as Somatic Situation Awareness (SSA), for situations such as those described above. The SSA model shows that the incorporation of two key findings from psychology and neurosciences, unconscious or attentiondriven orientation, and somatosensory processes, respectively, can adequately explain situation assessment for these special instances. In terms of the SA acquisition taxonomy, the aforesaid processes have been classified as belonging to the pre-cognitive phase. Next, the paper shows how this pre-cognitive phase of SA acquisition may influence the classical SA framework. Finally, the paper discusses the implications of SSA with regards to human-system design, computer cognition, technology and training.

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Integrated Information Visualization and Usability of User Interfaces for Safety-Critical Contexts

Kwee-Meier

Wiessmann

Mertens

2017

Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Cognition and Design

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Designing human–machine interfaces for naturalistic perceptions, decisions and actions occurring in emergency situations

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Direct Perception-Action Coupling: A Neo-Gibsonian Model for Critical Human-Machine Interactions under Stress

Direct Perception-Action Coupling: A Neo-Gibsonian Model for Critical Human-Machine Interactions under Stress

Somatic Situation Awareness: A model for SA acquisition under imminent threat and severe time stress

Integrated Information Visualization and Usability of User Interfaces for Safety-Critical Contexts

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