Designing highly stable ferrous selenide-black phosphorus nanosheets heteronanostructure via P-Se bond for MRI-guided photothermal therapy

Abstract

Background The design of stable and biocompatible black phosphorus-based theranostic agents with high photothermal conversion efficiency and clear mechanism to realize MRI-guided precision photothermal therapy (PTT) is imminent. Results Herein, black phosphorus nanosheets (BPs) covalently with mono-dispersed and superparamagnetic ferrous selenide (FeSe2) to construct heteronanostructure nanoparticles modified with methoxy poly (Ethylene Glycol) (mPEG-NH2) to obtain good water solubility for MRI-guided photothermal tumor therapy is successfully designed. The mechanism reveals that the enhanced photothermal conversion achieved by BPs-FeSe2-PEG heteronanostructure is attributed to the effective separation of photoinduced carriers. Besides, through the formation of the P-Se bond, the oxidation degree of FeSe2 is weakened. The lone pair electrons on the surface of BPs are occupied, which reduces the exposure of lone pair electrons in air, leading to excellent stability of BPs-FeSe2-PEG. Furthermore, the BPs-FeSe2-PEG heteronanostructure could realize enhanced T2-weighted imaging due to the aggregation of FeSe2 on BPs and the formation of hydrogen bonds, thus providing accurate PTT guidance and generating hyperthermia to inhabit tumor growth under NIR laser with negligible toxicity in vivo. Conclusions Collectively, this work offers an opportunity for fabricating BPs-based heteronanostructure nanomaterials that could simultaneously enhance photothermal conversion efficiency and photostability to realize MRI-guided cancer therapy. Graphic abstract

H2O2 Self-Supplying and GSH-Depleting Nanoplatform for Chemodynamic Therapy Synergetic Photothermal/Chemotherapy

“…As shown in Figure F, to quantify the light-to-heat conversion efficiency (η), the nanoplatform was irradiated for certain periods and then naturally cooled down to the original temperature. Using the gradient value fitting from the cooling process, η was calculated as 38.39%, which was higher than those of reported photothermal reagents, such as AuNRs@SiO2 (20.8%), MS-BSA (21.8%), and BPs-FeSe2-PEG (26.7%) …”

“…Using the gradient value fitting from the cooling process, η was calculated as 38.39%, which was higher than those of reported photothermal reagents, such as AuNRs@SiO2 (20.8%), 38 MS-BSA (21.8%), 39 and BPs-FeSe2-PEG (26.7%). 40 2.5. Cellular Uptake.…”

Near-infrared light-triggered nano-prodrug for cancer gas therapy

“…In antineoplastic therapy, PDT can also be used to trigger the controlled release of NO, which could inhibit the expression of P-gp protein and improve the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs [ 133 , 134 ]. In addition, NO can directly or indirectly react with ROS to form highly active peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) molecules, improving the efficacy of gas therapy and PDT [ 133 , 135 ].…”

Two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks: from synthesis to bioapplications

“…Since the discovery of graphene in 2004 [ 22 , 23 ], nanomaterials with high ratios of lateral size to thickness have been widely explored in biomedical applications. Up to date, 2D nanomaterials including transition metal dichalcogenides [ 24 , 25 ], metal carbonitrides [ 26 , 27 ], black phosphorus nanosheets [ 28 , 29 ], layered double hydroxides [ 30 , 31 ], MOFs, and covalent-organic frameworks[ 32 ] have aroused tremendous research attention in both synthetic methodology and/or practical applications. In particular, 2D MOFs displayed tailored structure, adjustable composition, efficient cargo loading, and good biodegradation, making these layered materials useful for biomedical applications [ 33 ].…”