Designing Environments for People with Dementia

Bowes, Alison; Dawson, Alison

doi:10.1108/978-1-78769-971-720191004

Cited by 21 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…In contrast, environment designed for people with cognitive decline has not yet been fully implemented. Recently, various types of dementia-friendly designs have been proposed, in areas including bedrooms, bathrooms, toilets, lounges, entrances, gardens, and public places [ 2 ]. However, although particular clock designs are often recommended, there is little systematic research on the relative merits of different types of clocks, specifically the choice of analogue or digital clocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Analogue or Digital Clocks Friendlier for People Living with Dementia?

Koreki

Kusudo

Suzuki

et al. 2021

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra

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Background: In ageing population, it is desirable to reduce the impact of cognitive decline on daily life. While various types of dementia-friendly environments have been proposed, the question still remains regarding whether analogue or digital clocks are friendlier for people with dementia. Methods: In clinical practice, we normally use our original clock reading test (10 analogue and 10 digital clocks) to assess patients’ ability to read a clock. In the present study, a retrospective medical record survey was conducted. Fifty-five participants who had done the test were identified. The result of the test was compared between analogue and digital clocks. Additionally, to assess specific ability to read analogue clocks, an “analogue-digital gap” was defined as the difference between patients’ performance for analogue and digital clocks. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to detect significant factors associated with reading ability specific to analogue clocks. Results: The analogue clock proved less readable than the digital clock, even after adjusting for MMSE total score (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed reading ability of the analogue clock was significantly associated with MMSE calculation and clock drawing test (p = 0.009 and 0.040, respectively). Conclusions: In the present study, the digital clock was friendlier than the analogue clock for patients with dementia. Compared to the digital clock, reading analogue clocks might require more widespread cognition, such as working memory and visuospatial processing. While our finding was a general tendency, and individual assessment is necessary, it might help the development of personalized environmental adjustments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Analogue or Digital Clocks Friendlier for People Living with Dementia?

Koreki

Kusudo

Suzuki

et al. 2021

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra

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“…There is a significant and long-established body of evidence, which identifies environmental characteristics that can improve the well-being and experience of people with dementia. Several systematic literature reviews of dementia design research confirm the benefits of well-designed environments to include: improved independence and wayfinding; enhanced quality of life; improved behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia; reduced need for the use of psychotropic drugs; as well as other benefits including reducing the burden on caregivers (Fleming and Purandare, 2010; Marquardt et al , 2014; Soril et al , 2014; Bowes and Dawson, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Design stage evaluation tools for residential dementia care environments

Quirke

Ostwald

Fleming

et al. 2021

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Purpose The independence and well-being of people with dementia can be significantly influenced by the design of the physical environments around them. Several assessment tools exist to evaluate the dementia design quality of existing residential aged care facilities but, to date, none have been formally identified as suitable for use during the design process. This paper aims to examine the feasibility of re-purposing existing post-occupancy tools for use during the design process, while mapping the influence of design stages on resulting dementia design quality. Design/methodology/approach Literature searches identified audit tools for residential aged care settings. After reliability screening, three tools were analysed in-depth, mapping their suitability for use during the design process. Findings The study confirmed that existing tools can be re-purposed for design stage use and identified that early design stages have a larger influence on overall dementia design quality than previously thought. Research limitations/implications Non-English language publications were not reviewed. Searches may not have identified other existing audit tools for residential care environments. Practical implications The ability to assess proposals at key stages of design may help improve the dementia design quality of future residential aged care environments – potentially enhancing the lives of ever-larger numbers of people with dementia. Originality/value According to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first known paper to consider formal design-stage evaluation of dementia design quality and the first to identify the relative influence of key stages of design on the resulting dementia design quality.

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“…Past research demonstrates that the design of the physical environment is an influential element in supporting independence and wellbeing amongst people with dementia (Marquardt, Bueter, and Motzek 2014;Fleming et al, 2016;Nordin et al 2017). Furthermore, several researchers have concluded that only minor gaps now remain in our knowledge about the design of RCFs for people with dementia (Marquardt, Bueter, and Motzek 2014;Bowes and Dawson 2019). However, despite the well-developed evidence-base, the recorded implementation of this within dementia design in completed RCFs has been limited and sub-optimal (Smith et al 2012;Nordin et al 2017;Hadjri, Faith, and McManus 2012), raising wide-ranging questions around causality, ranging from designer awareness through to matters of national policy, leading to speculation about potential causes, such as the need for education for architects (Dawson and Palmer 2020), lack of regulation (Castell 2008), or continued exclusion of people with dementia from the design process (Hendriks and Wilkinson 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A design assessment tool for layout planning in residential care for dementia

Quirke

Ostwald

Fleming

et al. 2021

Architectural Science Review

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A growing majority of people living in Residential Care Facilities (RCFs) for older people have dementia. Yet the implementation of evidence-based Dementia Design Principles (DDPs), known to reduce symptoms and improve wellbeing, remains limited. This paper reports on the development and application of Plan-EAT, a floorplan-based method of assessing dementia design quality in RCFs. Through the analysis of 34 published architectural exemplars, the method identifies strengths and weaknesses in the layouts of residential care buildings, across 39 assessment criteria organized under 9 DDPs. The paper concludes that the Plan-EAT could benefit architectural practice by providing an evidence-based means of assessing layout planning quality, in both existing cases and emerging RCF design proposals. The findings also highlight the need for care, where reliance is placed on published case studies, to inform the design of dementia supportive environments.

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Designing Environments for People with Dementia

Cited by 21 publications

References 110 publications

Are Analogue or Digital Clocks Friendlier for People Living with Dementia?

Are Analogue or Digital Clocks Friendlier for People Living with Dementia?

Design stage evaluation tools for residential dementia care environments

A design assessment tool for layout planning in residential care for dementia

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