Designing circle Swimmers: Principles and strategies

Abstract

Various microswimmers move along circles rather than along straight lines due to their swimming mechanism, body shape or the hydrodynamic effects. Here, we adopt the concepts of stochastic thermodynamics to analyze the dynamic and thermodynamic properties of the circular microswimmer confined in two-dimensional plane, and study the trade-off relations between various physical quantities such as speed, dissipation and precision. Based on these findings, we predicted strategies for designing microswimmers of special optimized functions under different conditions. Our findings may bring new experimental inspirations.