Designing a risk-based monitoring plan for pathogens in food: A review

Focker, M.; Asselt, E.D. van; Fels‐Klerx, H.J. van der

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109319

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Differences between different countries may be related to the sampling strategies which, according to the Reg. (EC) 2017/625, are risk-based ( Focker et al, 2022 ). Moreover, the study showed a higher prevalence of Salmonella positive samples in the Campania region, confirming that Salmonella prevalence may also vary between nearby geographical locations within the same country ( Ferrari et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Peruzy

Proroga²,

Capuano³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Salmonella is one of the most common agents of foodborne illness. The genus Salmonella includes two species (Salmonella bongori and S. enterica) and six subspecies (enterica I, salamae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtenae IV, and indica VI), each of which contains multiple serotypes associated with animal and human infections. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Salmonella spp. in carcasses of food-producing animals and foods in southern Italy and the serovar distribution among different sources. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 12,246 foods and 982 samples from animal carcasses were collected and analyzed. The overall percentage of positive samples was 5.84% (N = 773) and a significant increase in prevalence was observed by comparing the years 2011–2015 (257, 3.27%) and 2016–2021 (516, 9.61%; p < 0.05). The highest percentage of positive food samples was observed in “Meat and Meat Products” (N = 327/2,438, 13.41%) followed by “Fish and fishery products” (N = 115/1,915, 6.01%). In carcasses, the highest percentage of positive samples was reported from broilers (N = 42/81, 51.85%) followed by buffalo (N = 50/101, 49.50%) and pork (N = 140/380, 36.84%). After typing, the isolates were assigned to the species S. enterica and to the subspecies: enterica (N = 760, 98.32%), diarizonae (N = 8, 1.03%), salamae (N = 3, 0.39%) and houtenae (N = 2, 0.26%). S. Infantis was the most frequently detected (N = 177, 24.76%), followed by S. Derby (N = 77, 10.77%), monophasic S. Typhimurium (N = 63, 8.81%), S. Typhimurium (N = 54, 7.55%), and S. Rissen (N = 47, 6.57%). By comparing the sampling period 2011–2015 with that of 2016–2021, an increase in the prevalence of S. Infantis and monophasic S. Typhimurium and a decrease of S. Typhimurium were recorded (p < 0.05). Thus, present data suggest that, despite the implementation of national and European control strategies to protect against Salmonella, the prevalence of this pathogen in southern Italy is still increasing and a change of national control programs to protect against Salmonella are necessary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Peruzy

Proroga²,

Capuano³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…During the transportation and sales stages, food can also be contaminated by food-borne bacterial pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp. ), as has been reported [5]. In addition, biological toxins, environmental pollutants, illegal additives, pathogens, plasticizers, viruses, and botulinum toxin [6][7][8] could also be present during harvesting, processing, storage, distribution, and other stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

The Developments on Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Food Safety in Recent 10 Years: A Review

Wang,

Li,

Guo

et al. 2024

Chemosensors

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Food safety inspections are an essential aspect of food safety monitoring. Rapid, accurate, and low-cost food analysis can considerably increase the efficiency of food safety inspections. The lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) technique has recently grown in popularity due to its ease of use and high efficiency. It is currently commonly utilized in food inspection. In this review, we briefly introduce the principle and classification of LFIA, critically discuss the recent application status of LFIA in food contaminantion detection, and finally propose that artificial intelligence and information technology will further advance the development of LFIA in the field of food safety monitoring.

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“…We recommend that a risk-based approach using monitoring data is employed in the prioritization of substances and combinations to study further. The first step to this approach involves an assessment of the relative risk of a hazard (i.e., an insecticidal substance) in relation to the intended feed source (i.e., the substrate), in terms of the probability of contamination and health effects for the insects and intended consumer (human/animal) of the insect (Focker et al, 2022). Such insights could subsequently be used to develop a sampling and monitoring strategy Van der Fels-Klerx et al, 2018).…”

Section: Analogues and Combined Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)

Meijer,

Zoet,

de Rijk

et al. 2023

Insect Science

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Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed source. These insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing substrate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species’ performance. The toxicity of two “model” substances for each of these classes (cypermethrin; pirimiphos‐methyl) was quantified, with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Critical effect doses corresponding to 10% yield (CED10) for cypermethrin (0.4 mg/kg) and pirimiphos‐methyl (4.8 mg/kg) were determined. The addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor 2.6. These data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class (permethrin, deltamethrin; chlorpyrifos‐methyl, malathion). Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in yield. Exposure to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic effects. Of the tested substances, deltamethrin was most toxic, causing 94% yield at 0.5 mg/kg. Analytical results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance‐ and concentration‐specific, but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of PBO. Transfer of organophosphates was overall low (<2%), but ranged from 8% to 75% for pyrethroids. Due to very low limits in insect biomass (∼0.01 mg/kg), high transfer may result in noncompliance. It is recommended that rearing companies implement lower contractual thresholds, and that policymakers consider adjusting legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

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Designing a risk-based monitoring plan for pathogens in food: A review

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

The Developments on Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Food Safety in Recent 10 Years: A Review

Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)

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