Abstract:in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com).Pentafluoropyridine derivatives and cyanuric chloride were used for the synthesis of new piperazinylquinolone derivatives. These reactions provided N-fluoropyridiyl and N-cyanoryl chloride piperazinylquinolone derivatives in good yields. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. These compounds displayed good to excellent antibacterial activities.
“…Another research study revealed that dimers of the same fluoroquinolones or two different fluoroquinolones linked by a linker at C‐7 exhibited highly promising antibacterial activity against tested bacterial strains . From the results, it is clear that derivatives with a bulky C‐7 side chain are more potent against efflux mutants .…”
Section: Recent Advances Of Quinolone Antibacterial Agentsmentioning
Fluoroquinolones remain one of the most important kind of antibacterial agents used nowadays. The emergence of more virulent and resistant strains of bacteria by the development of either mutated DNA-binding proteins or efflux pump mechanism for drugs is considered the main problem associated with the therapeutic use of these drugs. This situation participated in pushing researchers to design new fluoroquinolone derivatives, mainly with different substituents at C-7 to withstand these resistant strains of bacteria and to obtain a wider spectrum of activity including activity against anaerobic organisms. Conjugation of fluoroquinolones with substitutions such as 1,2,4-triazoles, alkyl oximes, flavonoids, aryl furans, benzofuroxans, metronidazoles or even other antibiotics such as neomycin-B produced derivatives that have a superior and wider spectrum of activity and better resistance than the classical fluoroquinolone agents. Addition of a hydroxamic acid moiety to fluoroquinolones also increased the activity against Proteus mirabilis, which represents one of the most resistant strains of bacteria in urinary tract infections. This review aims to highlight the recent updates made for fluoroquinolones for broadening the spectrum of activity to become active not only against resistant strains of bacteria but also against anaerobic pathogens.
“…Another research study revealed that dimers of the same fluoroquinolones or two different fluoroquinolones linked by a linker at C‐7 exhibited highly promising antibacterial activity against tested bacterial strains . From the results, it is clear that derivatives with a bulky C‐7 side chain are more potent against efflux mutants .…”
Section: Recent Advances Of Quinolone Antibacterial Agentsmentioning
Fluoroquinolones remain one of the most important kind of antibacterial agents used nowadays. The emergence of more virulent and resistant strains of bacteria by the development of either mutated DNA-binding proteins or efflux pump mechanism for drugs is considered the main problem associated with the therapeutic use of these drugs. This situation participated in pushing researchers to design new fluoroquinolone derivatives, mainly with different substituents at C-7 to withstand these resistant strains of bacteria and to obtain a wider spectrum of activity including activity against anaerobic organisms. Conjugation of fluoroquinolones with substitutions such as 1,2,4-triazoles, alkyl oximes, flavonoids, aryl furans, benzofuroxans, metronidazoles or even other antibiotics such as neomycin-B produced derivatives that have a superior and wider spectrum of activity and better resistance than the classical fluoroquinolone agents. Addition of a hydroxamic acid moiety to fluoroquinolones also increased the activity against Proteus mirabilis, which represents one of the most resistant strains of bacteria in urinary tract infections. This review aims to highlight the recent updates made for fluoroquinolones for broadening the spectrum of activity to become active not only against resistant strains of bacteria but also against anaerobic pathogens.
“…The hybrids displayed improved antibacterial properties in comparison with ciprofloxacin. Compounds 106a and 108a showed good-to-excellent anti-microbial activity in agar disc diffusion method as well as with the use of broth microdilution technique [189].
…”
This review is aimed to provide extensive survey of quinolones and fluoroquinolones for a variety of applications ranging from metal complexes and nanoparticle development to hybrid conjugates with therapeutic uses. The review covers the literature from the past 10 years with emphasis placed on new applications and mechanisms of pharmacological action of quinolone derivatives. The following are considered: metal complexes, nanoparticles and nanodrugs, polymers, proteins and peptides, NO donors and analogs, anionic compounds, siderophores, phosphonates, and prodrugs with enhanced lipophilicity, phototherapeutics, fluorescent compounds, triazoles, hybrid drugs, bis-quinolones, and other modifications. This review provides a comprehensive resource, summarizing a broad range of important quinolone applications with great utility as a resource concerning both chemical modifications and also novel hybrid bifunctional therapeutic agents.Graphical abstract
“…Perfluoropyridine, or PFPy, is one example of these fluorinated compounds that has been used for a wide variety of purposes, ranging from general synthetic reactions [ 12 , 13 ] to complex pharmaceuticals [ 14 , 15 , 16 ] and materials [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Although it can be prepared in house by employing the methods described below, PFPy is commercially available, and is considered to be an economically viable option in modern times.…”
Perfluoropyridine (PFPy) is an organofluorine compound that has been employed for a variety of applications, from straightforward chemical synthesis to more advanced functions, such as fluorinated networks and polymers. This can be directly attributed to the highly reactive nature of PFPy, especially towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr). The aim of this review is to highlight the discovery and synthesis of PFPy, discuss its reactive nature towards SNAr, and to summarize known reports of the utilization and thermal analysis of PFPy containing fluoropolymers and fluorinated network materials.
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