“…A great deal of work has been devoted to the development of organized molecular systems that can be bound to interfaces either ionically or covalently. ,− Among the most widely used methods for the creation of layered interfacial structures are Langmuir−Blodgett deposition and self-assembly. − Both of these interface formation methodologies can be performed on a variety of substrates, conductive as well as insulating. The resulting mono- or multilayer structures can be bound to the substrate through any of a variety of methods, including the formation of covalent bonds, , physisorption, or ionic coordination chemistry. − We report here on the application of zirconium phosphate/phosphonate (ZP) chemistry, pioneered by the Mallouk, Thompson, and Katz groups, − to attach molecules to BDD.…”