(E)-9-Oxooctadec-10-en-12-ynoic
acid is found to mediate its antidiabetic activity by increasing insulin-stimulated
glucose uptake in L6 myotubes by activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K) pathway. A simultaneous study of site-specific modification
followed by structure–activity relationship provides a tremendous
scope for exploiting the bioactivity of the parent molecule. Therefore,
in the present study, we focused on site-specific modification of
(E)-9-oxooctadec-10-en-12-ynoic
acid (1) to generate multiple derivatives and extensive
structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies. We have done
structural base design and synthesized a series of amides from acid
compound 1. Compound 1 consists of an acid
functionality, which is known for its metabolism-related liabilities.
The SAR has been generated using scaffolds of different antidiabetic
drugs such as biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones/glitazones,
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, K + ATP, α-glucosidase
inhibitors, and others. Furthermore, the study demonstrates and explains
the promising derivatives and importance of SAR of the compound (E)-9-oxooctadec-10-en-12-ynoic acid. In
order to gain mechanistic insights, a molecular docking study was
performed against PI3K, which could identify the binding modes and
thermodynamic interactions governing the binding affinity. According
to our research, compounds 5, 6, 27, 28, 31, 32, and 33 are the best compounds from the series having EC50 values
of 15.47, 8.89, 7.00, 13.99, 8.70, 12.27, and 16.14 μM, respectively.