Design strategy to maximize recovery energy towards smart water grids: case study

Sánchez, Modesto Pérez; Ferreira, Ana; Jiménez, Petra Amparo López; Ramos, Helena M.

doi:10.1080/1573062x.2018.1459747

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The feasibility of the system and the economic return are highlighted by numerous studies applied to real hydraulic networks [17,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Energy Recovery In Wdnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

et al. 2021

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Recent statistics shows that CO2 emissions from road transport have been increasing. In addition, the paradigm of “more electric vehicles” does not seem to be positive from the environmental point of view. In fact, assuming the current energy mix system, studies focusing on Life Cycle Assessment and Well-To-Wheels analysis demonstrate that electric vehicles are less eco-friendly than traditional internal combustion-based engines. Then, it is mandatory to shift toward renewable energy sources to produce electricity with less CO2 emission. In this work, it is proposed to use a new e-vehicles charging system based on Pumps used as Turbine (PATs). This system uses the pressure in excess that could be available in a water distribution network (WDN). Such an excess of pressure is usually destroyed by pressure-reducing valves with the aim to reduce water leaks. PATs are also able to reduce water pressure and produce electrical energy that can be supplied to e-vehicles charging stations. Then, a bi-level methodology to design and optimize the e-charging stations system for (individual or shared) e-bikes and/or e-scooters is proposed. The method allows determining the optimal number of e-vehicles, charging stations docks, and PATs on the study area according to the WDN layout and hydraulic properties as well as the road network characteristics and demand of e-vehicles. The potential of the methodology is shown by an application to a real case study.

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“…The feasibility of the system and the economic return are highlighted by numerous studies applied to real hydraulic networks [17,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Energy Recovery In Wdnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

et al. 2021

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“…In the same way, the programming of the pumping equipment makes it provide the minimum energy required, thus reducing the pressure and power of the station [34]. Like valves, PATs reduce pressure at a specific place in the network, but unlike valves, PATs do not dissipate energy but rather function as micro-hydroelectric plants to recover it [45].…”

Section: Improvements Of the Hybrid Systems Applied In Water Systems In The Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also hybrid technologies that emerge after combining the strategies and in this way increase the production or recovery of energy in a pressurized water network. This is called hydroelectric regulation, which works to control the characteristics of the water (both pressure and flow) based on automated devices that always achieve the most optimal operating point [45].…”

Section: Improvements Of the Hybrid Systems Applied In Water Systems In The Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Objectives, Keys and Results in the Water Networks to Reach the Sustainable Development Goals

Garcia

Jiménez

Sánchez-Romero

et al. 2021

Water

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The world is continuously searching for ways to improve how water is used for energy. As the population increases, so do the needs for natural resources and, in turn, the needs for energy. This research sought to show how the world has tried to achieve more sustainable forms of pressurized water distribution and to show the results that have been obtained. In this sense, technologies have been used for the production of clean energy, energy recovery instead of dissipation, reprogramming of pumping stations and hybrid systems. In many cases, much lower water and energy requirements are achieved and, in turn, greenhouse gas emissions related to water use are reduced. Sixty-one different water systems were analyzed considering different energy, economic and environmental indicators. The different operation range of these indicators were defined according to sustainable indicators.

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“…Particularly, pumps as turbines (PATs) (Jain and Patel 2014) offer a relatively low cost and easy to implement solution for such purposes (Garcia et al 2019) Given that the adverse environmental impacts of dams pose limitations on the construction of new hydropower plants, small-scale hydropower such as those that can be installed within a water distribution network may offer a more ecofriendly alternative (Kougias et al 2019). Perez-Sanchez et al (2018) demonstrated the economic viability of including PATs in water distribution networks, while Muhammetoglu et al (2018)reported a successful installation and operation of a PAT system in an actual city water distribution network. The power production potential of PATs can be further exploited with effective design of suitable water energy storage and proper management of the excess energy (Pasha et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge Redistribution as a Key Process for Heuristic Optimization of Energy Production with Pumps as Turbines in a Water Distribution Network

Pirard

Kitsikoudis

Erpicum

et al. 2022

Water Resour Manage

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Water distribution networks often exhibit excess pressure that could lead to extensive leakage and infrastructure damages. While this problem can be mitigated with pressure reducing valves, the use of micro-turbines offers the additional benefit of harnessing the excess energy for electricity production. However, the efficient placement of turbines in a water distribution network constitutes a complicated optimization problem. The addition of a turbine in a water distribution network induces additional head losses and redistribution of the discharge within the network. This study considers the discharge redistribution as a key process for the maximization of power generation and presents a heuristic methodology based on nonlinear programming. Through an iterative process, pumps as turbines (PATs) are placed in pipes where the discharge has been increased due to previous placements of PATs elsewhere in the network. The suggested heuristic methodology is implemented in a synthetic network and the results are compared to the maximum power production from all possible combinations of PAT positionings in the network. Results show that the suggested methodology reduces considerably the number of combinations to be tested and it approaches satisfactorily the maximum possible power generation. In the synthetic network, the suggested methodology is able to predict almost the maximum possible power production with up to four PATs in the network and at least 87% of the maximum power production when five PATs are in the network. Finally, the suggested methodology is applied successfully to a real-world network, where it is able to identify the optimal location of one and two PATs.

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Design strategy to maximize recovery energy towards smart water grids: case study

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

Objectives, Keys and Results in the Water Networks to Reach the Sustainable Development Goals

Discharge Redistribution as a Key Process for Heuristic Optimization of Energy Production with Pumps as Turbines in a Water Distribution Network

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