Abstract:It has been observed that scale-up of the Cu(InGa)Se2 Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) onto flexible substrates to wide webs and long runtimes will lead to unacceptable film qualities due to issues associated with the thermal characteristics of the source-boats and the effect of melt level reduction with time. These issues are the subject of the present paper. The difficulties encountered with the design of the sources presently in operation are addressed, and new designs are proposed that resolve the problem o… Show more
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