Design, polymerization, and properties of high performance thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers from seed-oil derived soft segments

Thermoplastic polyurethanes derived from petrochemical or renewable resources: A comprehensive review

“…⁠In the case of PUs, the main aim is to produce bio‐polyol or bio‐isocyanate. For the synthesis of polyols chemically modified plant oils for example linseed oil , sunflower oil , palm oil , cotton oil , soybean oil , tung oil , castrol oil ⁠ hempseed oil ,⁠ corn oil , canola oil are used. Plant oils are mixtures composed of esters of glycerin, saturated acids (e.g., stearic and palmitic acid) and unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., linolenic, linoleic, oleic acid).…”

Flexible polyurethane foams modified with biobased polyols: Synthesis and physical‐chemical characterization

“…Moreover, much of this work has been predicated on the assumption that agriculturally derived building blocks will be competent replacements from both performance and economic standpoints. In this sense, the chemical modification of vegetable oils is a promising alternative in the production of green polyols, which are mainly used for obtaining PU elastomers, because the preparation of foams places an additional layer of complexity on data interpretation …”

“…The polymer structure must build up rapidly to form a stable cellular structure but not so fast that it stops bubble growth. These two competing reactions are balanced by the addition of catalysts and surfactants . Thus, the physical properties of foams must then not only be interpreted on the basis of the equilibrium structure but also on the effects of the competitive reactions involved …”

The unique activity of catalyst in the epoxidation of soybean oil and following reaction of epoxidized product with bisphenol A

“…Application of natural oils for modification and synthesis of different polymers has also a chance to become an answer to higher expectations standing in front of novel polymer materials. Triglycerides from modified vegetable oils are used as renewable raw materials for preparation and modification of different polymers, such as: polyesters (Chowdhury et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2013;Liua et al, 2014), polyamides (Martino et al, 2014;Mohameda et al, 2014), polyurethanes (Datta and Głowińska, 2014;Ji et al, 2015;Kairytė and Vėjelis, 2015;Kong et al, 2013;Sonnenschein et al, 2013;Ugarte et al, 2014;Zieleniewska et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2014) or organic-inorganic hybrid materials (Haq et al, 2008;Mansor et al, 2013;Riaz et al, 2014). There are already well known applications for polymers of various oils such as soybean, linseed, sunflower, canola, rapeseed, castor, coriander or olive.…”