Design optimization under uncertainty and speed variability for a piezoelectric energy harvester powering a tire pressure monitoring sensor

Abstract

Energy harvesting (EH) technologies to power small sized electronic devices are attracting great attention. Wasted energy in a vehicle’s rotating tire has a great potential to enable self-powered tire pressure monitoring sensors (TPMS). Piezoelectric type energy harvesters can be used to collect vibrational energy and power such systems. Due to the presence of harsh acceleration in a rotating tire, a design tradeoff needs to be studied to prolong the harvester’s fatigue life as well as to ensure sufficient power generation. However, the design by traditional deterministic design optimization (DDO) does not show reliable performance due to the lack of consideration of various uncertainty factors (e.g., manufacturing tolerances, material properties, and loading conditions). In this study, we address a new EH design formulation that considers the uncertainty in car speed, dimensional tolerances and material properties, and solve this design problem using reliability-based design optimization (RBDO). The RBDO problem is formulated to maximize compactness and minimize weight of a TPMS harvester while satisfying power and durability requirements. A transient analysis has been done to measure the time varying response of EH such as power generation, dynamic strain, and stress. A conservative design formulation is proposed to consider the expected power from varied speed and stress at higher speed. When compared to the DDO, the RBDO results show that the reliability of EH is increased significantly by scarifying the objective function. Finally, experimental test has been conducted to demonstrate the merits of RBDO design over DDO.

A review on plasma combustion of fuel in internal combustion engines

“…43 A different approach for plasma characterization consists of using methods that take into account electromagnetic heat flux. For instance, Rácz et al 39 performed the theoretical characterization of ECR plasma by using finite element method conjugate solution of Maxwell electromagnetic equation. By using MATLAB software for the simulation, the model was able to predict the shape and density of the plasma.…”

Photocatalytic decontamination of phenol and petrochemical wastewater through ZnO/TiO2 decorated on reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite: influential operating factors, mechanism, and electrical energy consumption

“…Furthermore, the heterogeneous structure formation by two semiconductors extends the photo response of composites to visible light area. [26][27][28][29][30] Co-adsorbents such as zeolites, carbonaceous materials, and nano-clays are another way for further enhancing the photocatalytic activity and adsorption capacitance of TiO 2 . Recently, graphene nanosheets have been used as an effective ESI † due to its favorable properties like solar radiation absorption, separation of efficient charge carriers, exposed reactive sites, and high surface area.…”

A Study on the Analytic Power Estimation of the Electromagnetic Resonant Energy Harvester for the High-Speed Train

“…The analytic calculations typically give the target value for the final performance of the electromagnetic resonant energy harvester. The targets of the analytic estimations are given to provide the basis for the detailed design and to give a basis for defining the basic design parameters of the electromagnetic resonant energy harvester.Electronics 2020, 9, 403 2 of 16 prevent system failure and accidents [12][13][14]. The high-speed train mostly uses the wired sensors for the monitoring system [15].…”

“…Therefore, the intelligent monitoring of high-speed trains requires the development of environmentally friendly and semi-permanent 'energy harvesting' powered monitoring technology through the use of exploiting the ambient energy generated during system operation.Energy harvesting module research using electromagnetic induction should analyze the characteristics of mechanical motion [18]. Mechanical motion characteristics can be classified as vibration or rotational motion according to the energy source [12,19]. In this study, vibration acceleration was selected as the main energy source.…”

“…Electronics 2020, 9, 403 2 of 16 prevent system failure and accidents [12][13][14]. The high-speed train mostly uses the wired sensors for the monitoring system [15].…”