Design of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Horn Antenna for Non-destructive Fruit Quality Monitoring

Fabrication of Cellulose Powder Dielectric Composite Material using Pineapple Leaves Fiber

“…( 2) [32]. Chemical treatment improves interfacial adhesion between natural fibers and improves their mechanical, physical, and thermal properties [19]. Chemical treatment is also an effective complement to these compounds because it swells the cell wall of the matrix structure and improves its penetrability [19].…”

“…Chemical treatment improves interfacial adhesion between natural fibers and improves their mechanical, physical, and thermal properties [19]. Chemical treatment is also an effective complement to these compounds because it swells the cell wall of the matrix structure and improves its penetrability [19]. This treatment also removes hemicellulose, splits fibers into fibrils, and results in a closer-packed cellulose chain as a result of the relief of internal tension, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the fibers [19].…”

“…Chemical treatment is also an effective complement to these compounds because it swells the cell wall of the matrix structure and improves its penetrability [19]. This treatment also removes hemicellulose, splits fibers into fibrils, and results in a closer-packed cellulose chain as a result of the relief of internal tension, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the fibers [19]. For untreated fiber, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, waxy substances, and natural oils are present [16].…”

“…In other words, the permittivity value of the formulated dielectric material is influenced by its carbon content [40]. The permittivity of dielectric composites is correlated with their elemental content, with higher permittivity exhibited due to the presence of carbon [19]. This is due to the fact that carbon is a key component in helping the dielectric composite material absorb and store the electromagnetic signal [32].…”

“…Pineapple waste, particularly the cellulose-rich sections in its leaves, significantly enhances the non-essential strength and stiffness of composite materials, making it an excellent reinforcing agent [17]. Utilizing cellulose derived from pineapple waste as a filler in composite materials opens up possibilities for applications in electronics devices such as capacitors, insulators, printed circuit boards (PCBs), sensors, and diverse types of antennas [17][18][19][20]. This approach not only allows for the full utilization of natural resources but also contributes to the development of novel dielectric composite materials from pineapple waste [11].…”