Design of ‘tolerant and hard’ superhydrophobic coatings to freeze physical deformation

Abstract

While the development of mechanically durable and abrasion tolerant superhydrophobicity on a rigid interface itself remains a highly challenging task, the design of superhydrophobic coating that can restrict both the...

Michael Addition Reaction Assisted Derivation of Functional and Durable Superhydrophobic Interfaces

“…Dhar et al reported an unprecedented chemical approach that restricted the tensile and compressive deformation of the soft, deformable underlying stretchable/compressible substrates as shown in Figure 10A−G. 82 The Michael addition reaction between two small molecules, i.e., 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane (AEAPTMS), octadecyl acrylate (ODAc), and a multifunctional cross-linker (3Acl/5Acl), was exploited to generate three types of reaction mixtures comprising RMT1 (AEAPTMS and ODAc), RMT2A (AEAPTMS, 3Acl, and ODAc), and RMT2B (AEAPTMS, 5Acl and ODAc) as shown in Figure 10B,E. The deposition of the different reaction mixtures individually on the stretchable polyurethane fabric and the compressible melamine sponge generated a superhydrophobic coating with tailored mechanical property.…”

“…Such characteristics are of utmost importance for realistic and diverse applications of the bioinspired coating. In this regard, the environment-friendly Michael addition reaction between amine and acrylate requiring mild operational conditions would provide a prospective platform to tailor the bioinspired water wettability and other relevant physical properties (Figure )including transparency, mechanical property, porosity, etc.following simple and scalable fabrication processes. − In the past, the catalyst-free Michael addition reaction was successfully extended to produce amplified “reactive” surfaces. , Ford et al studied the ability of growing different nanostructures on selected substrates following the catalyst-free aza-Michael addition reaction between branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) and dipentaerythritol penta-acrylate (5-Acl) that resulted in hyperbranched poly­(ester amines) cross-linked thin films with surface amplified functional groups . In 2012, Bechler et al capitalized on this concept of a nanostructured, “reactive” polymeric film of BPEI/5Acl to construct a relatively thick (∼750 nm) multilayer coating following the layer-by-layer deposition approach .…”

“…The research group of Manna et al introduced and extended these solution phase CRPNCs for developing porous, three-dimensional superhydrophobic monoliths and flexible polymeric superhydrophobic coatings for applications in oil/water separation, ,,− ,,− ,, drug delivery, ,, patterned interfaces, ,,, etc. The controlled growth of CRPNCs through Michael addition reaction and its strategic postcovalent modifications allowed different durable bioinspired wettabilities to be adoptedincluding controllable adhesive/nonadhesive superhydrophobicity, hydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterns, chemically “reactive” superhydrophobicity, and stimuli-responsive superhydrophobicityfollowing simple and scalable fabrications processes. − The as fabricated chemically “reactive” interfaces with tailorable water wettability exhibited impeccable durability and performance at even chemically harsh and challenging settings. The strategic use of the catalyst-free Michael addition reaction allowed the successful modulation of mechanical property, porosity, shrinkage, optical transparency, etc.…”

“…The strategic use of the catalyst-free Michael addition reaction allowed the successful modulation of mechanical property, porosity, shrinkage, optical transparency, etc. Natural polymers, ,− paper waste, and small molecules , were also tactfully exploited to develop durable, optically transparent coatings embedded with tailorable water wettability and mechanical property, where the catalyst-free Michael addition reaction between amine and acrylate played a pivotal role.…”

Facile Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Graphene/Polystyrene Foams for Efficient and Continuous Separation of Immiscible and Emulsified Oil/Water Mixtures

“…Towards this goal, Ge et al developed an in situ oil collection device that was aided by the application of external force [ 28 ]. Such continuous oil collection processes require oil absorbing materials with high mechanical performances as well as excellent hydrophobic and lipophilic properties [ 29 ]. Many strategies have been developed for the modification of commercial melamine foams, polyurethane foams or metal foams (pore sizes ranging from 100 to 500 µm) to create materials with the desired characteristics for the continuous clean-up of large-scale oil spills [ 22 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”